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Delivery of Aerosolized Drugs through Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)

Delivery of Aerosolized Drugs through Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP). Team Patrick Kurkiewicz Annie Loevinger Joe Decker Steve Welch Client Dr. Mihai Teodorescu Advisor Professor John Webster. Outline. Problem Statement Background Information Client Specifications

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Delivery of Aerosolized Drugs through Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)

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  1. Delivery of Aerosolized Drugs through Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Team Patrick Kurkiewicz Annie Loevinger Joe Decker Steve Welch Client Dr. Mihai Teodorescu Advisor Professor John Webster

  2. Outline • Problem Statement • Background Information • Client Specifications • Design Options • Design 1: Jet Nebulizer • Design 2: Ultrasonic Nebulizer with One-Way Valve • Design 3: Ultrasonic Nebulizer with Flow Sensor • Final Design • Future Work • Questions

  3. Problem Statement • A method is needed for automated delivery of bronchodilator drugs, like Albuterol, while using the CPAP device. • Automated delivery should either be continuous or at timed intervals over a patient’s sleep cycle.

  4. Background • Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) • Used for sleep apnea and asthma patients • Provides positive pressure to assist breathing Image from Webster, J.G. 2009. Medical Instrumentation.

  5. Background • Nebulizer: transforms liquid medication into mist Jet Nebulizer Ultrasonic Nebulizer • Uses Pressurized Air • Efficiency 39+/-3%** • Uses ultrasonic waves • Efficiency 86+/-5%** patient Image from www.mece.ualberta.ca/arla/tutorial.htm Image from www.sonozap.com/nebulizer.htm ** Gessler T; Schmehl T; Hoeper M M; Rose F; Ghofrani H A; Olschewski H; Grimminger F; Seeger W. 2001. Ultrasonic versus jet nebulization of iloprost in severe pulmonary hypertension. The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology 2001;17(1):14-9.

  6. Client Specifications • Compatible with CPAP • Automatically deliver albuterol sulfate • Cannot compromise quality of sleep • Design for clinical trials • Made for adults • Prototype can be computer interface

  7. Design Options

  8. Design 1:Jet Nebulizer in-line with CPAP • Simple • Inexpensive • Loud • Requires separate flow generation

  9. Design 2: Ultrasonic Nebulizer with One-Way Valve • Nebulizer gas collects in side chamber during exhale, taken up during inhale • Simple design • Collecting gas may re-condense

  10. Design 3: Ultrasonic Nebulizer with Flow Sensor • Flow sensor detects breathing rate, turns nebulizer on/off based on inhalation cycle • More control • Complicated, requires more parts

  11. Design Matrix

  12. Final Design • Ultrasonic nebulizer with one-way valve control • Existing CPAP and mask • Added programmable controls

  13. Future Work • Finish proof of concept testing • Construct prototype nebulizer • Prototype testing • Drug delivery • Control efficacy • Integrate design with CPAP

  14. Questions?

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