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Properties of Solids

This exploration delves into the distinctive properties of solids and fluids, including the remarkable hardness of diamonds, the elasticity of materials, brittleness, malleability, and tensile strength. We also examine the properties of fluids such as density, buoyancy, and viscosity, revealing how these characteristics impact the behavior of liquids and gases. Discover how an increase in temperature affects viscosity and the importance of Archimedes’ Principle in understanding buoyancy. Gain insights into the fundamental differences between solids and fluids in this comprehensive overview.

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Properties of Solids

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  1. Diamond - hardest natural substance Properties of Solids 1. Hardness- resistance to scratching

  2. Properties of Solids 2.Elasticity - ability to be stretched & return to its original size FYI - solids are more elastic than liquids & gases

  3. 3. Brittleness- a material’s tendency to shatter Properties of Solids

  4. 4. Malleability- ability to be pounded into sheets Properties of Solids

  5. Properties of Solids 5. Tensile Strength- how much pulling or stretching a material can w/stand before breaking

  6. = Gas What is a fluid? • A “fluid” is any substance that can flow. • This includes both liquids & gases. Liquid

  7. Properties of Fluids • Density- the amount of matter in a particular space or volume -the heaviness of a substance ex. 1 L of sand is more dense than 1L of water is more dense than 1L or oxygen

  8. EXCEPTION: water is less dense as a solid Properties of Fluids With density, an increase in volume results in density decrease • Particles spread out

  9. Properties of Fluids 2. Buoyancy- measure of upward force a fluid exerts on an object

  10. Archimedes Principle Buoyant force is = to weight of the fluid displaced FLOAT if b.f. > weight SINK if b.f. < weight NEUTRAL BUOYANCY if b.f. = weight Click next slide to play Titanic Clip (5:36)

  11. Properties of Fluids 3. Viscosity- measures a fluid’s resistance to flow high viscosity = slow flow (ketchup, honey) low viscosity = fast flow(water)

  12. YLiquid: an increase in temperature LOWERS viscosity ES! Factors that affect viscosity are: Temperature Gas: increase temperature INCREASES viscosity Can viscosity be altered?

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