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PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT

BLACKBURN BEVERLEY C1. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT. CHAPTER 2. THRUST AND DRAG. JUST THINK OF THE POWER REQUIRED TO GET THIS AIRCRAFT FLYING. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT. THRUST. TO PRODUCE LIFT THE WINGS OF THE AIRCRAFT MUST HAVE AIR FLOWING OVER THEM. THE AIRFLOW IS PRODUCED BY “THRUSTING”

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PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT

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  1. BLACKBURN BEVERLEY C1 PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT CHAPTER 2 THRUST AND DRAG JUST THINK OF THE POWER REQUIRED TO GET THIS AIRCRAFT FLYING.

  2. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT THRUST TO PRODUCE LIFT THE WINGS OF THE AIRCRAFT MUST HAVE AIR FLOWING OVER THEM. THE AIRFLOW IS PRODUCED BY “THRUSTING” THE AIRCRAFT FORWARD. THE ENGINE OR ENGINES PROVIDE THE THRUST TO PRODUCE THE AIRFLOW. ENGINES PRODUCE THRUST EITHER BY A PROPELLOR SCREWING THE AIR BACKWARDS, OR A JET ENGINE EXPELLING AIR FROM THE REAR CASING OF THE ENGINE.

  3. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT THRUST IN BOTH CASES, THROWING THE AIR BACKWARDS THRUSTS THE AIRCRAFT FORWARDS. NEWTON’S 3RD LAW EVERY ACTION HAS AN EQUAL AND OPPOSITE REACTION. THE THRUST ACTS ALONG A LINE APPROXIMATELY FROM THE NOSE TO THE TAIL OF THE AIRCRAFT. THE AMOUNT OF THRUST IS SELECTED BY THE PILOT.

  4. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT THRUST CAN BE VERY IMPORTANT IF YOU FORGET TO PUT YOUR UNDERCARRIAGE DOWN. YOU NEED LOTS OF THRUST TO STOP YOU - CRASHING !

  5. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT RIAT PRACTICE DAY

  6. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT DRAG WHO RIDES A BICYCLE ? WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU INCREASE SPEED ? YOU GET MORE AIR RESISTANCE. THIS IS CALLED “DRAG” EVERY EXTERNAL PART OF AN AIRCRAFT PRODUCES DRAG WHICH RESISTS FORWARD MOTION. AS WE DID WITH THE CENTRE OF PRESSURE, WE TAKE THAT THE TOTAL DRAG OF THE AIRCRAFT ACTS ALONG A LINE FROM THE NOSE TO THE TAIL OF THE AIRCRAFT DIRECTLY OPPOSING THRUST.

  7. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT DRAG THE GREATER THE DRAG THE GREATER THE ENGINE POWER IS NEEDED TO OVERCOME IT. MORE THRUST = MORE ENGINE POWER MORE ENGINE POWER = LARGER ENGINES LARGER ENGINES = MORE FUEL MORE FUEL = MORE WEIGHT THE AIRCRAFT DESIGNER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR DECIDING WHAT IS THE MOST EFFICIENT WAY OF ACHIEVING THE ROLE OF THE AIRCRAFT. WHAT CAUSES DRAG ?

  8. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT THE SPRUCE GOOSE Lots of drag and weight and not enough power, even with 8 engines. Only flew once and only to 10ft off the ground.

  9. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT DRAG DRAG IS CAUSED BY THE SHAPE OR “FORM” OF THE AIRCRAFT PARTS. WHEN AN OBJECT MOVES THROUGH THE AIR IT LEAVES A TRAIL OF VORTICES AND EDDIES. AN EXTREME EXAMPLE OF THIS IS A FLAT PLATE. 90° TO AIRFLOW PARALLEL TO AIRFLOW

  10. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT DRAG DRAG IS BEST ELIMINATED AT THE DESIGN STAGE, BY HAVING THE LEAST EXTERNAL PROTRUDING PARTS AS POSSIBLE. BAGS OF DRAG

  11. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT DRAG STREAMLINING THE FORM OF AN AIRCRAFT WILL REDUCE THE DRAG. STREAMLINING MAKES THE AIRFLOW AS SMOOTH AS POSSIBLE AND REDUCES WAKE.

  12. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT DRAG STREAMLINING CAN REDUCE THE DRAG OF A FLAT PLATE BY 95%.

  13. Form Drag PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT VERY TURBULENT WAKE REDUCTION IN FORM DRAG 50% 85% 90 - 95%

  14. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT DRAG IN A STREAMLINED FORM THE RATIO OF IT’S WIDTH TO IT’S LENGTH IS KNOWN AS:- “THE FINENESS RATIO” DESIGNING THE FORM TO HAVE A FINENESS RATIO OF 3 OR 4 TO 1 KEEPS THE WAKE TO A MINIMUM. AS WITH LIFT THE AMOUNT OF DRAG VARIES WITH THE SQUARE OF THE AIRSPEED: 2 x AIRSPEED = 4 x DRAG 3 x AIRSPEED = 9 x DRAG

  15. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT DRAG DRAG CofG CofG CofG IN STEADY STRAIGHT AND LEVEL FLIGHT THRUST EQUALS DRAG. EQUALS THRUST DRAG AIRCRAFT SLOWING DOWN IF DRAG GREATER THAN THRUST, THEN AIRCRAFT SLOWS DOWN. DRAG GREATER THAN THRUST AIRCRAFT GAINING SPEED IF THRUST IS GREATER THAN DRAG THEN AIRCRAFT GAINS SPEED. THRUST GREATER THAN DRAG

  16. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT LIFT,WEIGHT,THRUST & DRAG IN STRAIGHT AND LEVEL FLIGHT AT CONSTANT SPEED, TWO PAIRS OF FORCES ACT ON THE AIRCRAFT. LIFT OPPOSES WEIGHT AND IS EQUAL TO IT. THRUST OPPOSES DRAG AND IS EQUAL TO IT. LIFT DRAG THRUST WEIGHT

  17. PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT THE BLACKBURN BEVERLEY DID FLY

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