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Fracture Classification

Fracture Classification . Elaina Turner August 2 nd 2005 . What are the 3 types of open fractures? . Type I: sharp end of fractured bone penetrates overlying soft tissue Type II: foreign object penetrates soft tissue and then breaks bone

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Fracture Classification

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  1. Fracture Classification Elaina Turner August 2nd 2005

  2. What are the 3 types of open fractures? • Type I: sharp end of fractured bone penetrates overlying soft tissue • Type II: foreign object penetrates soft tissue and then breaks bone • Type III: type II with loss of soft tissue (or might be there but is necrotic).

  3. Which type is most heavily contaminated? • Type III

  4. Which type would you expect to have most severely impaired healing? • Type III

  5. Define transverse fracture. • The angle of the fracture line to a perpendicular to the long axis of the bone is less than 30 degrees

  6. Define oblique fracture. • The angle is greater than 30 degrees

  7. Define comminuted fracture. • More than 2 fragments

  8. Define avulsion fracture. • Or apophyseal – pulled by tendon or ligament; fracture of traction physis

  9. Define butterfly fragment. • A broad triangular fragment that is commonly present in comminuted fractures of the diaphysis

  10. What is a Salter-Harris fracture? • an epiphyseal fracture in young animals that involves the epiphyseal growth plate.

  11. Describe the location of the fracture in each of the 5 types of Salter-Harris fractures. • Type I – physeal • Type II – metaphyseal and physeal • Type III – physeal and epiphyseal • Type IV – metaphyseal, physeal, epiphyseal • Type V – compression fracture of physis

  12. Which are articular fractures? • III and IV are intra-articular fractures and lead to secondary osteoarthritis

  13. What is the prognosis for continued growth at the physis for each type? • Prognosis decreases for normal limb with increase in classification number • Premature closure of part or all of physis may occur, especially with Salter-Harris V.

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