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CH. 12—Services

CH. 12—Services . KI 2: Where are contemporary services located?. Services in rural settlements. Clustered rural settlement—place where a number of families live in close proximity to each other (houses grouped together surrounded by farm fields)

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CH. 12—Services

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  1. CH. 12—Services KI 2: Where are contemporary services located?

  2. Services in rural settlements • Clustered rural settlement—place where a number of families live in close proximity to each other (houses grouped together surrounded by farm fields) • Dispersed rural settlements—farmers live on individual farms isolated from neighbors (farms fields separate homes) • Rural settlements are centers for agriculture, but provide small number of services

  3. Clustered Rural Settlements • Usually includes homes, farm structures (barns, tool sheds), and service structures (religious buildings, schools, shops) • Can be circular or linear settlements • Circular • Open space surrounded by structures and then fields and farmland (similar to Von Thunen Model) • Linear • Buildings clustered along a road or river with fields extending behind the buildings • First settlers in America built clustered settlements in circular fashion (centered around homes and Church)

  4. Dispersed Rural settlements • Very common in Colonial United States outside of New England area • Became popular in Midwest and Mid-Atlantic—land was cheaper • Works more efficiently than clustered rural settlements… can feed more people • Became more prominent after the Enclosure Movement • Great Britain, 1750-1850 • Consolidated individually owned strips of land into one single farm • Worked well as people moved from rural to urban areas • In 1800, only 3% of people lived in urban cities… Today, about 50% do

  5. Urban Settlements • Louis Wirth defined cities as having 3 characteristics: large size, high population density, socially heterogeneous people • Create different social relationships than those formed in rural settlements • In many LDCs Wirth’s definition still applies—large contrast between rural and urban areas • In MDCs however, his definition has been blurred as rural and urban lifestyles are more closely aligned

  6. Urban Settlements • Urbanization—process by which population of urban settlements grows • Increase in number of people living in cities • Increase in percentage of people living in cities • Large percentage of people in cities reflects levels of development (3/4ths in MDCs, 2/5ths in LDCs)—Latin America is exception • MDCs have higher percentage, but LDCs have the largest urban settlements (8 out of 10 largest cities in LDCs) • In 1800 7 of top 10 in Asia, in 1900 all of top 10 were in Europe and North America—in 20th and 21st century, rural to urban migration in LDCs has become biggest migration pattern in world

  7. World’s Biggest Cities • http://www.worldatlas.com/citypops.htm

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