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Types of Chemical Bonds

Types of Chemical Bonds. Ionic bonds are the electrostatic forces that exist between ions of opposite charges They form between a metal and a nonmetal Covalent bonds result from the sharing of one or more electrons between two atoms They form between two nonmetals

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Types of Chemical Bonds

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  1. Types of Chemical Bonds • Ionic bonds are the electrostatic forces that exist between ions of opposite charges • They form between a metal and a nonmetal • Covalent bonds result from the sharing of one or more electrons between two atoms • They form between two nonmetals • Named “Molecular Compounds”

  2. Molecular Compounds All are formed from two or more nonmetals. CO2 Carbon dioxide Ionic compounds generally involve a metal and nonmetal (NaCl) BCl3boron trichloride CH4 methane

  3. Identify with contain covalent bonds • BaI2 • P4S3 • Ca(OH)2 • FeCO3 • Na2Cr2O7 • I2O5 • Cu(ClO4)2 • CS2 • B2Cl4 Ionic Covalent Covalent Ionic Ionic Covalent Ionic Covalent Ionic

  4. Naming Molecular (Covalent) Nomenclaturefor two nonmetals • Prefix System (binary compounds) 1. Less electronegative atom comes first (which ever is written first in the formula) • Add prefixes to indicate # of atoms. a.) Omit mono- prefix on the FIRST element. b.) Mono- is required on the SECOND element. • Change the ending of the second element to -ide.

  5. Molecular Nomenclature PrefixesYou need to memorize these. PREFIX mono- di- tri- tetra- penta- hexa- hepta- octa- nona- deca- NUMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

  6. Molecular Nomenclature: Examples • CCl4 • Add prefixes to indicate # of atoms. • Monocarbon tetrachloride a.) Omit mono- prefix on the FIRST element. b.) Mono- is required on the SECOND element. • carbon tetrachloride

  7. Molecular Nomenclature: Examples • CCl4 • N2O • SF6 • carbon tetrachloride • dinitrogen monoxide • sulfur hexafluoride

  8. More Molecular Examples • arsenic trichloride • dinitrogen pentoxide • tetraphosphorus decoxide • AsCl3 • N2O5 • P4O10

  9. Learning Check Fill in the blanks to complete the following names of covalent compounds. CO carbon ______oxide CO2 carbon _______________ PCl3 phosphorus _______chloride CCl4 carbon ________chloride N2O _____nitrogen _____oxide mon dioxide tri tetra di mon

  10. Learning Check 1. P2O5 a) phosphorus oxide b) phosphorus pentoxide c) diphosphoruspentoxide 2. Cl2O7a) dichlorineheptoxide b) dichlorine oxide c) chlorine heptoxide 3. Cl2a) chlorine b) dichlorine c) dichloride

  11. A flow chart for naming binary compounds.

  12. Mixed Review Name the following compounds: 1. CaO a) calcium oxide b) calcium(I) oxide c) calcium (II) oxide 2. SnCl4 a) tin tetrachloride b) tin(II) chloride c) tin(IV) chloride 3. N2O3 a) nitrogen oxide b) dinitrogen trioxide c) nitrogen trioxide

  13. Mixed Practice • Dinitrogen monoxide • Potassium sulfide • Copper (II) nitrate • Dichlorine heptoxide • Chromium (III) sulfate • Iron (III) sulfite • Calcium oxide • Barium carbonate • Iodine monochloride • BaI2 • P4S3 • Ca(OH)2 • FeCO3 • Na2Cr2O7 • I2O5 • Cu(ClO4)2 • CS2 • B2Cl4

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