Productivity and Quality of Life:

1. Productivity and Quality of Life: • Poverty • Capital output ratio • Economic growth Arvind Shrouti,Option Positive

2. Productivity and work intensity? Matter of confusion?? • What is productivity? • What is work intensity? Arvind Shrouti,Option Positive

3. Challenges faced by the firm: • Constraints on out prices • Rising input prices • Fluctuating and uncertain demand • Changing product mix • Delayed payment and slower circulation of working capital • High quality expectations • Irrational laws • Influence of traditional leadership in management and unions • Lack of resources for technical up gradation • Lack of work culture Arvind Shrouti,Option Positive

4. Problems within the firm: • Out dated and rigid work norms • Restrictive and narrow job description • Too many non value adding activities • Idle manpower on one hand and high incidents of overtime on other hand • Maladjusted production schedule • Shortages of critical items on one hand and growing inventory on the other hand • Unbalanced work load and bottlenecks • Break-downs • Rejection and reworks • Absenteeism and labor turn over • Lack of accountability • Discontent, low morale and responsibilities. • Mismatch between authorities and responsibilities Arvind Shrouti,Option Positive

5. Remedial approaches: • A. Organizational: • Promoting transparency and participation • Role enrichment, versatile and flexible job description • Integrating functions like quality control and maintenance with production function • Flat and lean organization • Information and communication systems • Job rotation and group working Arvind Shrouti,Option Positive

6. B. Normative: • Instead of fixed targets, agreeing to overall work load levels and rest periods • Day to day target modifications as per incidence of forced idle time and outside cycle work • Dynamic formulae for establishing targets with varying product mix and changing techniques • Continuous rebalancing of work load for fair distribution and removal of bottlenecks • Making traditionally non measurable work measurable Arvind Shrouti,Option Positive

7. C. Technical: • Effort reducing techniques • Minimum transport layout • Multiple operative facilities • Ergonomic improvement • Health and safety measures Arvind Shrouti,Option Positive

8. D. Economic: • Evaluation of individual contribution • Sharing gains and loses with various stakeholder, especially employees • “Make or buy” decision Arvind Shrouti,Option Positive

9. Remedial Devices used for these approaches: • Work measurement devices like: time and motion study, MOST etc • KAIZAN • Lean manufacturing, single piece flow, 5 S, TQM etc. • Agreement as a vehicle of participation • Audit of critical variables • Productivity linked remuneration schemes • Company performance linked schemes • Crisis situation plans • Monitoring the economics of a firm Arvind Shrouti,Option Positive

10. Land & Building Plant, Machine, Equipment Energy Human Resources Material • Management • Obtain the facts • Plans • Directs • Coordinates • Controls • Motivates Out Put: Product and Services Arvind Shrouti,Option Positive

11. Thank You Arvind Shrouti,Option Positive