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The Thirteen Colonies. New England Colonies (4) Middle Colonies (4) Southern Colonies (5). The New England Colonies. Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island Shipbuilding, manufacturing, fishing, and lumber. New England Colonies- Geography.
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The Thirteen Colonies New England Colonies (4) Middle Colonies (4) Southern Colonies (5)
The New England Colonies • Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island • Shipbuilding, manufacturing, fishing, and lumber
New England Colonies- Geography • The entire Appalachian Mountains cover this region. • Very little land for growing crops. • Climate: very cold winters and mild summers. It is not warm enough to grow large crops (staple crops). • They only grew crops for the family (subsistence farming). Not for making money. • Rivers: shallow and full of rapids. Boats could not travel inland.
New England Colonies - Settlements • Located along the Atlantic Ocean. They could not travel inland with the mountains and rivers as obstacles. • Settlers: Who moved there? • People who were seeking religious freedom. Not for making money.
New England Colonies - Resources • What did the settlers of the New England Colonies use to make money? • Lumber, furs, fishing, shipbuilding, Rum, and cattle. • Jobs? • Fisher, trapper, lumberjack, priest, shipbuilder, farmer…
Atlantic trade – Triangular Trade (p.111) • This was the trading route with three stops. • 1. Ships leave New England with a cargo of rum and iron. • 2. In Africa, the Captain would trade the cargo for slaves. • 3. The slaves would be transported across the Atlantic (Middle Passage) to the West Indies. They would then be traded for sugar and molasses. • 4. The sugar and molasses would then be sent back to New England. The Sugar and molasses would then be used to make more rum. • Then the process would start all over again.
Middle Colonies • New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania • Known as the “Breadbasket of the colonies”
Middle Colonies- geography • Located next to the Atlantic Ocean. The Appalachian Mountains are located in the west. • A little bit more flat farm land than the New England Colonies. • Climate: cold winters and mild summers. • They had more land to raise staple crops. Grew wheat which was turned into flour. They would export wheat/flour to the New England and Southern colonies.
Middle Colonies • Rivers: shallow and full of rapids. Just like the New England Colonies • Settlements: located along the Atlantic coast. There was more flat land inland so more settlers ventured inland to grow grain. • Settlers: most were seeking religious freedom but others were seeking economic opportunity.
Middle Colonies • Resources: grain, lumber, cattle, shipbuilding and rum. • Jobs: farmer, priest, shipbuilder, lumberjack, trader, trapper.
Southern Colonies • Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia • Known for plantations and small farms
Southern Colonies • Climate: hot and humid summers and very mild winters. Perfect for growing staple crops. • Lots of flat farmland. • Rivers: deep and wide – perfect for modern day (1600/1700) ships to pass through safely. • Settlements: located inland along the major rivers. • Settlers: were not very interested in religion. They were more interested in making money.
Southern Colonies • Resources: rice, indigo, cotton, and tobacco • Jobs: plantation owner, indentured servant, slave, trader
The Backcountry • A region of dense forests and rushing streams in or near the Appalachian Mountains. • Resources: lots of springs and streams to provide water. Lots of forests furnished wood that settlers could use for log cabins and fences. • Most backcountry people learned to rely on themselves. They had to always be aware of the Native Americans in the area.
