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Evolution of Western Civilization: From Prehistory to Modern Ages

Explore the development of Western civilization, emphasizing humanistic achievements, ethical principles, individual perspectives in politics, art, and philosophy. Discover the foundations of civilization, the evolution from Hominids to humanity, internal and external influences, and the impact of environmental changes. Unveil the essence of civilization through bureaucratic governance, social stratification, trade, specialized technologies, education, and reproduction.

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Evolution of Western Civilization: From Prehistory to Modern Ages

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  1. Introduction to HY 101 2nd Cent. CE 13th Cent. CE 4th Cent. BCE 19th Cent. CE

  2. I. What is Western Civilization? *Emphasis on humanistic achievement and ethics *the primacy of the individual experience and perspective in politics, art, social relations and philosophy *assumption of the right and power to give meaning and form to our own lives or “Transformers 2”

  3. A. What is “civilization”? bureaucratic government – rulers over ruledstratified social systems – “classes” of peoplelong-distance tradespecialized technologies – writing, metal workingreproduces itself – education; reproduction

  4. B. What is “the West”?

  5. Pre-western influences MesopotamiaEgyptPersiansPhoeniciansHebrews

  6. 2. Greece- idea of the “West” 3. Rome- expansion

  7. 4. The “Middle Ages”- “Christendom”

  8. 5. Modern and post-modern West

  9. Pre “history” Isaac Unbound

  10. I. Hominids to humanityInternal and External EvolutionFirst step toward civilization

  11. A. Paleolithic 1. 1 – 2 M Homo habilis and erectus ↓ ↓ Homo sapiens (130K) “thinking man”

  12. 2. On the road- Multiregional theory - Out of Africa theory

  13. 3. Ice Age evolution- fresh frozen meat - dogs rulesapiens sapiens (50-30K)hunter, protector

  14. B. Neanderthal • 1st “Western” people- 250-50K (?)

  15. C. Cro-Magnon • Paleolithic Revolution - Abstractions 40-10K Lascaux

  16. 2. They are us (anatomically “modern”)... We have more culture

  17. II. Environment & Culture

  18. A. “Ice Age” tech 1. Clovis point

  19. B. Neolithic crisis 1. Pleistocene Overkill10K BCE

  20. 2. Responses - migration - settling

  21. B. First Agricultural Revolution • Domestication 10-8000 BCE • Agriculture 8000 BCE 3. Animals 7-5000BCE

  22. C. Settlement: rewards & risks 1. Portable 2. Surpluses 3. Vulnerabilities

  23. D. Hoppin’ hominids • 500K BC – 1 M?10K BC – 6 M? homo sapiens only1700 CE – 1 B?2008 CE – 6.8 B? Agriculture + finite land = more people Global warming

  24. So.. Civilization is a by-product of human evolution…development of the human mind…response to environmental change Civilizationbureaucratic government – rulers over ruledstratified social systems – “classes” of peoplelong-distance tradespecialized technologies – writing, metal workingreproduces itself – education; reproduction

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