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Ocean Habitats Chapter 12

Ocean Habitats Chapter 12. Animals of the Benthos. 98% of marine species are benthic Hydrothermal vents Rocky shore Sandy shore Coral reefs. Coral Reefs of the World (Figure 12-16). Coral Reefs: Tops in Marine Biodiversity. Coral & Zooxanthellae (Figure 12-14).

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Ocean Habitats Chapter 12

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  1. Ocean HabitatsChapter 12

  2. Animals of the Benthos • 98% of marine species are benthic • Hydrothermal vents • Rocky shore • Sandy shore • Coral reefs

  3. Coral Reefs of the World(Figure 12-16)

  4. Coral Reefs: Tops in Marine Biodiversity

  5. Coral & Zooxanthellae(Figure 12-14)

  6. Coral Reef Morphology(Figure 12-17) wave surge, currents, sunlight, water depth

  7. National Marine Sanctuaries Map courtesy of NOAA National Marine Sanctuary System

  8. The World Ocean Floor

  9. Maps courtesy of National Park of American Samoa

  10. Artwork by Jayne Doucette, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

  11. By OrSt grad student Emily Larkin

  12. FBNMS: Some Major Issues • Natural & human impacts • Crown-of-thorns invasion, hurricanes, bleaching • Illegal fishing, sewage outfall Photos courtesy of NOAA National Marine Sanctuary System

  13. FBNMS: Some Major Issues • Prior to 2001… • Sanctuary largely unexplored below depths of ~30-60 m • no comprehensive documentation of the plants, animals, and submarine topography. • Little is known of tropical “twilight zone” • shelf-edge (50-120 m deep) of coral reef habitats throughout the world

  14. Fagatele Bay National Marine Sanctuary, 2001 bathy

  15. SCUBA / Rebreather Technology Images courtesy of Kip Evans, Nat. Geographic and Rich Pyle, Bishop Museum

  16. Rebreather Dive Mission, FBNMS, 2001

  17. GIS Terrain Analysis of the Bathymetry Emily Lundblad, OrSt M.S. Thesis

  18. Emily Lundblad, OrSt M.S. Thesis

  19. More “Ground Truthing” Towboard survey

  20. 2005 Hawaii Undersea Research LabSubmersible Dives Pisces V R/V Ka‘imikai-o-Kanaloa

  21. Map by OrSt grad student Emily Larkin

  22. HURL Cruise KoK0510 Dives • Short program - 3 dives • Taema Bank (2), Fagatele Canyon (1) • 32 species of invertebrates IDed • 91 species of fish • 9 new “records,” i.e., never before seen in American Samoa

  23. Map by former OrSt grad student Emily Larkin

  24. Black-blotched stingray, 100-200 m

  25. Deepsea Coralslive off of the dead www.divediscover.whoi.edu Desmophyllum cristagalli

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