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OCEAN HABITATS and resources

OCEAN HABITATS and resources. CHAPTER 14 SECTION 2 & 3. LIFE IN THE OCEAN. Scientists classify marine life based on where they live and how they move. They are divided into 3 categories: PLANKTON : tiny algae and animals that float in the water; carried by water currents.

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OCEAN HABITATS and resources

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  1. OCEAN HABITATSand resources CHAPTER 14 SECTION 2 & 3

  2. LIFE IN THE OCEAN • Scientists classify marine life based on where they live and how they move. • They are divided into 3 categories: • PLANKTON: tiny algae and animals that float in the water; carried by water currents. • NEKTON: free-swimming animals Ex: squid, sharks, fish, turtles, sea otters, etc • BENTHOS: organisms that live at the ocean floor Ex: crabs, starfish, urchins, lobsters, flounder

  3. PLANKTON

  4. NEKTON

  5. BENTHOS

  6. Ocean Food Webs • Phytoplankton and algae are the major PRODUCERS of the food web. They use sunlight to make their own food. • Fish, crab, sea anenomes, corals, etc are the CONSUMERS. They eat the producers and other consumers. • Some benthos organisms eat decaying or dead organisms; they are called DECOMPOSERS.

  7. Food Chain Plankton

  8. Food Web

  9. INTERTIDAL ZONE • Organisms in this zone must be able to withstand changes in temperature, salinity, and exposure to air. • Various intertidal zones include: • Estuaries • Mangrove forests • Salt marshes • Sandy shores/rocky shores • Tidal pools

  10. NERITIC ZONE • Coral reefs are found in this zone in warm, tropical waters. • Nutrients wash in this zone from land and sunlight reaches throughout this zone because it is shallow. • The sunlight & nutrients encourage algae and other plant-like organisms to grow which serves as the base of the food chain.

  11. How coral reefs form • ATOLL – a ring shaped reef surrounding a shallow lagoon.

  12. An atoll in Belize

  13. Molokini in Hawaii

  14. Kelp Forests also grow in Neritic Zone • Kelp forests grow in cold temperature waters on rocky ocean floors.

  15. Open Ocean Zone • 3 zones in the open ocean • Surface zone – sunlight reaches throughout this zone; lots of phytoplankton and algae • Transition zone – water here is darker and colder • Deep zone – darker and even colder! Many organisms make their own light called BIOLUMINESCENCE

  16. Largest Animal in World!

  17. Blue Whale

  18. Resources from the Ocean(Section 3) • We depend on the ocean for both • LIVING and b) NONLIVING resources. LIVING RESOURCES: Include fish – tuna, anchovies, mackerel, herring Also include shrimp, lobster, crab, squid, etc Most fish are caught in coastal waters in areas of upwelling. Sometimes fish can be overfished – catching more than can replaced by reproduction.

  19. Other living resources are used for products instead of food. • Algae is used in many household products such as shampoo and cosmetics.

  20. AQUACULTURE • The farming of freshwater or saltwater organisms. • Environment is created for organisms to thrive; nutrient levels, temp, light and other factors are controlled. • Salmon is being raised in Nebraska!

  21. NONLIVING RESOURCES • Includes water, fuel/oil, and minerals. Some minerals mined include: Magnesium Gravel Sand Diamonds Gold Manganese Iodine

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