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The Triumph of Industry

The Triumph of Industry. Organized Labor. Hardships. Factory Work Low wages Long hours Sweatshops Dangerous work. Hardships. Families More jobs for women Children worked too. Hardships. Company Towns Communities near the workplace Owned by the business. Labor Unions Form.

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The Triumph of Industry

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  1. The Triumph of Industry • Organized Labor

  2. Hardships • Factory Work • Low wages • Long hours • Sweatshops • Dangerous work

  3. Hardships • Families • More jobs for women • Children worked too

  4. Hardships • Company Towns • Communities near the workplace • Owned by the business

  5. Labor Unions Form • Early Protests • Collective bargaining • National Trades Union

  6. Labor Unions Form • Socialism • Public control of property & income • Wealth should be distributed equally to everyone • Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels • denounced capitalism

  7. Labor Unions Form • Knights of Labor • Uriah Smith Stephens • All workers of any trade • Started as a secret society • Disappeared by 1890s

  8. Labor Unions Form • American Federation of Labor • Samuel Gompers • Loose org. of skilled workers • Strike & pension fund • Very specific issues • Did not gain as many members as KofL

  9. Strikes Across the Nation • Haymarket Square Riot • May 1, 1886 • Demo for 8-hour workday • Conflict escalated to violence • People turned away from radicalism • Employers became suspicious of unions

  10. Strikes Across the Nation • Homestead Strike • Carnegie Steel cut wages • Pinkertons killed & wounded strikers • Tried to assassinate Henry Frick • Associated w/ union • Union called off the strike

  11. Strikes Across the Nation • Pullman Strike • Laid off workers & reduced wages • Delegates sent to negotiate; plant shut down • Eugene V. Debs & ARU called for a nationwide strike • 300,000 railworkers walked away • Pres Cleveland sent in federal troops, ending the strike

  12. Effects on the Labor Movement • Employers cited Sherman Antitrust Act to appeal court orders against unions • Govt. denied unions recognition as legal organizations • Labor movement split into factions

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