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Narrative Theories

Narrative Theories. Tasnim Chowdhury.

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Narrative Theories

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  1. Narrative Theories TasnimChowdhury

  2. Vladimir Propp, born in 1895, was a Russian folklorist and scholar. He analysed the basic plot of Russian folktales and fairytales to identify their narrative elements. He broke up fairytales into sections, fundamentally he used the method of his 31 functions to decipher Russian folklore and fairytales. In the 100 tales he analysed he also came to the conclusion that all characters in each fairytale or folklore could be concluded into 7 broad character functions. Below is a link to Propp’s 31 functions and 7 character conclusions: http://www.mediaknowall.com/as_alevel/alevkeyconcepts/alevelkeycon.php?pageID=propp Vladimir Propp

  3. The Villain: Ultron The Villain is someone who struggles with the Hero. In The Avengers the villain is Ultron. Often the imagery of the villain is dark, mysterious and simply not appealing as is evident through the image of our villain on the left. The villain also tends to have some form of a damaging story and background to their character. This is all done to juxtapose and create a further highligted binary opposition between the hero and the villain. All these aspects have been perfectly presented through Ultron in The Avengers. Application of Propp’s theory: 7 Characters – The Avengers: Age of Ultron

  4. The Dispatcher: Nick Fury The Dispatcher is someone who encourages or invites the hero to eliminate the villain. In this case Nick Fury appears to restore faith within The Avengers when they are at their lowest with no hope to defeat the villain. Application of Propp’s theory: 7 Characters – The Avengers: Age of Ultron

  5. The Helper: Jarvis Jarvis is the helper in The Avengers. the helper usually assists the Hero physically in order to defeat the Villain. Other examples would be exemplified through Batman and Robin. Robin is the helper in this case and always assists batman physically to conquer the evil of the villain. Application of Propp’s theory: 7 Characters – The Avengers: Age of Ultron

  6. The Princess: Black Widow The Princess is the character who seeks to be or needs to be rescued by the villain. This character is often considered to be an image of the damsel in distress. Though Black Widow is part of the Hero characterics in The Avengers, she plays a double as she appears to be captured by the villain at one point in the film and is rescued by an alternative hero, The Hulk. Application of Propp’s theory: 7 Characters – The Avengers: Age of Ultron

  7. The Donor: The Twins:Pietro and Wanda The Donor in the film is someone who offers the hero some form of help, whether that be a weapon or some other form of assistance. In this case the Donor is The Twins: Pietro and Wanda who help the hero’s with the extermination of Ultron with the use of their additional powers. Application of Propp’s theory: 7 Characters – The Avengers: Age of Ultron

  8. The Hero: The Avengers The Hero in the film is obviously, The Avengers. The Hero is the figure who eliminated The Villain which is the role that all The Avengers play as a whole in this film. This is the most common character type. Application of Propp’s theory: 7 Characters – The Avengers: Age of Ultron

  9. Todorov born in 1939 was the author of many books. He is a Bulgarian-French historian, philosopher, literary critic as well as a sociologist. He simplified the narrative theory as he believed that every storyline and plot coincided and fitted with his 5 paths or patterns that appear in a production. These 5 patterns consist of: • The Equilibrium • Disruption • Realisation • Restored Order • Restoration of Equilibrium TzevetanTodrov

  10. The Equilibrium The Equilibrium here is presented as they are presented on a chat show. Everything is relatively calm and there is no sense of disruption or turmoil. Starting the film on a calm and steady note which infers normality for the audience. Application of Todrov’s Theory: The Hunger Games

  11. Disruption Here is the scene which signifies disruption and shows signs of evident conflict and disruption between Catniss Everdeen, the girl pictures in the dress and the men dressed in white. Application of Todrov’s Theory: The Hunger Games

  12. Realisation At this point is the realisation of disequiblirium. Here we realise and understand the conflict amongst all contenders and how the coming events are to unravel as they compete against one another. Application of Todrov’s Theory: The Hunger Games

  13. Restored Order This Birdseye shot shows restored order as The Hunger Games are over and they are now being rescued from the arena. Application of Todrov’s Theory: The Hunger Games

  14. Restoration of Equilibrium Restoration of Equilibrium is presented as they end the film appearing once again on the talk show appearing calm and again addressing and presenting normality. Application of Todrov’s Theory: The Hunger Games

  15. Levi-Strauss, born in 1908 was a french anthropologist and ethnologist. His analysis of narrative theories came to the conclusion that all narratives are arranged around the conflict between opposites. For example in the form of film it would be: Hero vs Villain Good vs Bad Light vs Dark War vs Peace etc. Claudi Levi-Strauss

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