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Two Basic Cell Types: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells

Two Basic Cell Types: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells. Two Basic Types. Remember….cells are the basic unit of life for ALL living things. There are two basic types of cells: Prokaryotic cells – found in bacteria Eukaryotic cells – found in protists , fungi, plants and animals.

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Two Basic Cell Types: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells

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  1. Two Basic Cell Types:Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells

  2. Two Basic Types • Remember….cells are the basic unit of life for ALL living things. • There are two basic types of cells: • Prokaryotic cells – found in bacteria • Eukaryotic cells – found in protists, fungi, plants and animals

  3. Characteristics Shared • Perform the same basic functions • Surrounded by plasma membrane to control what enters and leaves the cell • “Filled” with cytoplasm • Contain ribosomes to make protein • Contain DNA to give the general instructions for the cell’s life

  4. What Makes Eukaryotic Cells Different? • Much larger • Much more complex • Contain a true nucleus to house the genetic material (DNA) • Linear DNA packaged into chromatin found inside the nucleus • Contains specialized structures in the cytoplasm called organelles to carry out various functions • Not all have a cell wall

  5. Eukaryotic Cells

  6. What Makes Prokaryotic Cells Different? • Much smaller • Less complex • No true nucleus • Circular DNA that is found in the cytoplasm • No organelles found in the cytoplasm • Surrounded by a cell wall

  7. Prokaryotic Cell

  8. What does size have to do with it? • Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells. Why? • Smaller surface area to volume allows nutrients to easily and quickly reach inner parts of the cell. • Eukaryotic cells are larger and can not pass nutrients as quickly. They require specialized organelles to: • carry out metabolism • provide energy • transport chemicals throughout the cell

  9. Prokaryotic Cell http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/bactcell.htm#top

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