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Analysis & Synthesis

Analysis & Synthesis. The Vocoder and its related technology. (Extremely) Simplified Model of Speech Production. Periodic source. voiced. Filters. Coupling. Speech. unvoiced. Noise source. (Slightly less) Simplified Model of Speech Production. pitch. Impulse train. V/uv bit.

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Analysis & Synthesis

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  1. Analysis & Synthesis The Vocoder and its related technology

  2. (Extremely) Simplified Model of Speech Production Periodic source voiced Filters Coupling Speech unvoiced Noise source

  3. (Slightly less) Simplified Model of Speech Production pitch Impulse train V/uv bit Glottal model Filter spec voiced Gain v Coupling x Filters Speech Gain u x unvoiced Noise source

  4. Glottal Waveform Caricature Glottis closed (decoupled) Glottis open (nonlinear)

  5. Channel Vocoder, Synthesizer component

  6. Channel Vocoder, Analyzer component

  7. Vocoders: vocal tract synthesis • Short time spectral synthesis • Linear predictive synthesis • Cepstral synthesis • Formant synthesis

  8. Vocoders: vocal tract analysis • Short time spectral analysis • Linear predictive analysis • Cepstral analysis • Formant analysis

  9. Vocoders: vocal source analysis • Pitch detection • Voiced/unvoiced decision

  10. Fine structure and Spectral Envelope

  11. Narrow and wideband filterbank spectral analyses

  12. Wideband spectrogram

  13. Figure 3.5: Narrow band spectrogram Narrowband spectrogram

  14. Source-Filter Separation by Cepstral Analysis

  15. LPC spectral envelope estimation

  16. Formant Analysis • Peak picking from smoothed spectrum • Root-finding from LPC polynomial - finding second-order sections • In general, position more important than bandwidth • Deterministic or statistical analysis to find best formant “track”

  17. Ed Lee Vocoder Page http://ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu/~eal/audio/vocoder.html

  18. Linux Vocoder Page http://www.sirlab.de/linux/descr_vocoder.html

  19. How does the speech sound with the middle spectrum differ from the left one? From the right?

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