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Engineering and Empire: Egypt

Engineering and Empire: Egypt. Assignment. Create a timeline that contains: The name of the important pharaoh and he dates of his/her reign Location and description engineering achievement Explanation of the importance of the engineering achievement. Menes 3000 – 2938 BC: Dam of Memphis.

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Engineering and Empire: Egypt

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  1. Engineering and Empire: Egypt

  2. Assignment Create a timeline that contains: • The name of the important pharaoh and he dates of his/her reign • Location and description engineering achievement • Explanation of the importance of the engineering achievement

  3. Menes 3000 – 2938 BC: Dam of Memphis • United Upper and Lower Egypt creating 1st Egyptian empire • Created dam that redirected the Nile around Memphis (capital) • Mauled to death by a hippo

  4. Menes 3000 – 2938 BC: Dam of Memphis

  5. Djoser 2667BC – 2648 BC: Saqqara Pyramid • With architect Imhotep created 1st stone super structure on earth • Change pyramid building Mastaba (single elevated platform and was built of mud-brick) • Using 10 000 workers to build 20 stories tall • 2 tombs underground • North tomb for body • South tomb for internal organs • Workers continue to build until the pharaoh's death

  6. Djoser 2667BC – 2648 BC: Saqqara Pyramid

  7. Djoser 2667BC – 2648 BC: Saqqara Pyramid

  8. Djoser 2667BC – 2648 BC: Saqqara Pyramid

  9. Snefru2613BC – 2589 BC • Built 3 pyramids trying to create the prefect one • Meydum: pyramid with step filled in and a outer casing that did not stay attached • Dashur: believed to be on unstable ground developed cracks • Bent pyramid b/c angle changed • Red Pyramid: 1st true pyramid, large limestone base with more gradual angle (51 °) • Using Carvel vault in tomb for support

  10. Snefru 2613BC – 2589 BC: Meydum Pyramid

  11. Snefru 2613BC – 2589 BC: Dashur Bent Pyramid

  12. Snefru 2613BC – 2589 BC: Red Pyramid

  13. Snefru 2613BC – 2589 BC: Red Pyramid Carvel Vault

  14. Sesostris III 1864-1831 BC: Fortress of Buhen • Attacked Nubia b/c source of gold • Built 1st fortress (permanent military structures • Fortress of Buhen now under Lake Nassar

  15. Sesostris III 1864-1831 BC: Fortress of Buhen

  16. Sesostris III 1864-1831 BC: Fortress of Buhen

  17. Sesostris III 1864-1831 BC: Fortress of Buhen

  18. Hatshepsut: 1473-1458 BC • Step-mother of Thetmose III who rulerd b/c he was a boy • Dressed as a man to legitimize her authority • With her architect Ineni, she built more and larger projects • Many of her statues and artwork was destroyed in an attempt to erase her from history • Obelisks 4 sided column with pyramid top • Major engineering feat

  19. Hatshepsut Mortuary Temple: 1473-1458 BC

  20. Hatshepsut Obelisks : 1473-1458 BC

  21. Hatshepsut Obelisks : 1473-1458 BC

  22. Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) 1352-1336 BC • Tries to move Egypt to the worship of one God Aten • Moved the capital from Thebes to Aton • Started to build pyramids with smaller Limestone block Telatot • His changes were reversed after his death • He was hated after death and his images were destroyed in many areas

  23. Aton: Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) 1352-1336 BC

  24. Aton: Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) 1352-1336 BC

  25. Seti I 1294 -1279 BC • Lead the rebirth of the Egyptian Empire after the Akhenaten • Wars in Palestine and Syria • Hypostyle hall columns • Tomb used teams of specialists: stone masons, plastering, artists for drawing and sculptors to finish • Tomb designed to trap and fool grave robbers • Tomb most decorated of all tombs in the Valley of the Kings

  26. Burial Tomb: Seti I 1294 -1279 BC

  27. Burial Tomb: Seti I 1294 -1279 BC

  28. Burial Tomb: Seti I 1294 -1279 BC

  29. Ramesses II 1279 – 1212 BC • Ramses the Great • Fought Hittites to a draw and negotiated the 1st Treaty • Built many structures to honor himself • House of Ramses • Abu Simbel tomb was relocated to save it from the Lake Nasser and the Aswan Dam

  30. Temple at Abu Simbel: Ramesses II 1279 – 1212 BC

  31. Temple at Abu Simbel: RamessesII 1279 – 1212 BC

  32. Temple at Abu Simbel: RamessesII 1279 – 1212 BC

  33. Moving of Ramesses Temple

  34. Map Assignment Egypt Map #1 • Label the cities and important site discussed during the Video Engineering an Empire: Egypt Egypt Map #2 • Label the 3 Kingdoms of the Egyptian Empire • Old Kingdom • Middle Kingdom • New Kingdom

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