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The Respiratory System

The Respiratory System. By: Sarah Veri. Main Functions. Supply the body with oxygen and disposing of carbon dioxide Oversee the gas exchanges that occur between the blood and the external environment

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The Respiratory System

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  1. The Respiratory System By: Sarah Veri

  2. Main Functions • Supply the body with oxygen and disposing of carbon dioxide • Oversee the gas exchanges that occur between the blood and the external environment • Body cells begin to die from oxygen starvation and accumulation of carbon dioxide if the system fails

  3. Respiratory System Organs • The nose • Pharynx • Larynx • Trachea • Bronchi & their smaller branches • The lungs contain alveoli (terminal air sacs) • Gas exchanges with the blood happen only in the alveoli

  4. The Nose • During breathing, air enters the nose through the nostrils or nares • The interior of the nose consists of the nasal cavity, divided by a midline nasal septum • Olfactory receptors are located in the mucosa in the superior part of nasal cavity just beneath the ethmoid bone • Remaining mucosa rests on a thin-walled veins that warns the air as it passes by

  5. Pharynx • Is a muscular tube (about 5 in. long) also called the throat • Used as a passageway for air & food • Continuous with the nasal cavity

  6. Larynx • The voice box, routs air and food into the proper channels and plays a role in speech • Anything other than air entering the larynx causes a cough reflex to prevent the item from continuing the lungs • Mucous Membrane • Forms pair of folds called the vocal folds or true vocal cords, which vibrate and expelled air • The ability of the vocal cords vibration is to allow us to speak

  7. Trachea • After the larynx • Walls enforced with C-shaped hyaline cartilage • Open parts of rings allow esophagus to expand anteriorly when we swallow large pieces

  8. Main Bronchi • The more common site for an inhaled foreign object to become lodged • The smaller subdivisions of the main bronchi are direct routs the air sacks

  9. Lungs • Occupy the entire thoracic cavity except for the central area • The broad lung area resting on the diaphragm is the base • Each lung is divided into lobes by fissures • The left has two lobes and the right has three • The pleura membranes produce pleura fluid • The pleurae can slide easily from side to side across one another but they strongly resist pulling apart

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