Irregular Preterite It’s flipping hard!
Box A verbs It includes the Preterite/Past Tense of 12 verbs: andar (to walk) anduv-, caber (to fit) cup-, decir (to say) dij-,estar (to be-temporary) estuv-, hacer (to do/make) hic-,poder (to be able to) pud-, poner (to put) pus-,querer (to want) quis-, saber ( to know) sup-, traer (to bring) traj-,tener (to have) tuv-, and venir (to come) vin-, as you can see they all have irregular stems. They use a combination of AR/ER/IR ending with NO ACCENT MARKS.
Box A verbs The verb hacerwhich in the Preterite/Past Tense is hic- changes the “c” for a “z” in the él, ella. Ud. form. Ex: Yohice, but Ud. hizo We drop the letter “i” in (ellos/ellas/Uds.) –(i)eron for therPreterite/Past of decir “dij-” and traer“traj-”. Ex: Ellosdijeronor trajeron
Box A verbs anduv- cup- e imos dij- iste isteis estuv- hic*- o (i)eron
Box A verbs pud- pus- e imos quis- iste isteis sup- traj*- o (i)eron
Box A verbs tuv- vin- e imos iste isteis o (i)eron
Yo e imos andar- anduv- iste isteis o (i)eron
Tú e imos caber- cup- iste isteis o (i)eron
Mis Padres eron (i) e imos dij- iste isteis decir- o (i)eron
Ud. e imos estar- estuv- iste isteis o (i)eron
Samantha (Ella) hi - z c e imos hacer- hic*- iste isteis o (i)eron
Nosotros e imos poder- pud- iste isteis o (i)eron
Vosotros e imos poner- pus- iste isteis o (i)eron
Tú e imos querer- quis- iste isteis o (i)eron
Travone e imos sup- iste isteis saber- o (i)eron
Uds. (i) eron e imos traer- traj- iste isteis o (i)eron
Vosotros e imos tuv- tener- iste isteis o (i)eron
Katyana e imos venir- vin- iste isteis o (i)eron
Box B verbs This box includes Preterite/past of 2 verbs SER (to be permanent) and IR (to go). fuimos fui No Accent Marks! fuisteis fuiste fue fueron As you can see, SER & IR use the same irregular forms in the Preterite/past tense. You’ll have to use context clues to decide which meaning is used.
Box C verbs This box includes only 2 verbs DAR (to give) and VER (to see). All you need to do is drop the -AR and –ER and use regular ER/IR endings without accent marks. v v imos d i d D AR d v d isteis v iste V ER v d io v d ieron
Box D Verbs This box includes Preterite/past of all verbs that end in IR and have a stem change (o-ue, e-ie, e - i) in the present tense.
Box D verbs Use regular ER/IR preterit/past endings. Change the o – u or e – i, in the el, ella, Ud. ellos, ellas, Uds. forms only. DO NOT change o – ue or e – ie those are present tense changes only!!
Box D verbs Which of the following are IR stem changing verbs?? navegar vivir vender despertarse enviar acostarse vestirse dormir salir comer
Box D verbs Use regular endings!!! 3rd person has a change in the stem!! imos í iste isteis *ió *ieron e-i o-u e-i o-u
Box D verbs These are the most common box D verbs. Learn them, these verbs have irregularities in many other parts of speech!! Dormir – to sleep vestirse – to get dressed Sentirse – to feel repetir – to repeat Pedir – to ask for divertirse – to have fun Morir – to die (son)reír – to smile/laugh
Box D verbs Lets conjugate a box D verb!! Dormir dormí dormimos dormisteis dormiste u u dormió dormieron What’s missing? Do I change the o-u or e-i and which forms have the change???
Box D verbs Now let’s do another one!! Pedir pedimos pedí pediste pedisteis i pedieron i pedió What’s missing? Change the e-i or o- u and which forms???
Box E verbs It’s a vowel sandwich!!! Vowel Vowel
Box E verbs For verbs that have 2 vowels in a row in the infinitive (o 2 vocalesjuntos ) like CREER and CAER Change the ‘I’ to a ‘Y’ in the UD./ÉL/ELLA & UDS./ELLOS/ELLAS forms ONLY Vowel Vowel
Box E verbs The other change that must happen is that accent marks are placed on the “I” if it is the first letter of the ending: Now lets see how the endings work- I Y; and accents on the other “I”s Vowel Regular ER/IR Endings BOX E Endings Vowel í imos í ímos iste isteis íste ísteis ió ieron yó yeron
Box E verbs í ímos CAER íste ísteis yó yeron í ímos CREER íste ísteis yó yeron
Box E verbs Common Box E Verbs: Caer Construir / Reconstruir Creer Destribuir Destruir Estinguir Excluir Incluir Leer Oír Substituir
Box F verbs This applies only to verbs that end in –CAR, -GAR, -ZAR. Only the YO form is irregular zar sa car qué pa gué gar empe cé All other forms have no problems Use regular preterite –AR endings Accents in YO and ÉL forms sacamos pagamos empezamos pagasteis pagaste sacasteis sacaste empezaste empezasteis pagó pagaron empezó sacaron sacó empezaron
Box A verbs e
