1 / 14

An Overview of Social Exclusion in South East Europe

An Overview of Social Exclusion in South East Europe. Dr. Paul Stubbs, the Institute of Economics, Zagreb South East Europe Forum: Faces of Social Exclusion, Zagreb 26-27 November 2008. Aims.

makala
Télécharger la présentation

An Overview of Social Exclusion in South East Europe

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. An Overview of Social Exclusion in South East Europe Dr. Paul Stubbs, the Institute of Economics, Zagreb South East Europe Forum: Faces of Social Exclusion, Zagreb 26-27 November 2008

  2. Aims • To provide a regional overview of key patterns and trends in social exclusion and identify groups facing exclusion • To explore some of the broad causal relationships resulting in social exclusion • To outline the main challenges in tackling poverty and social exclusion • To offer a general assessment of potential target issues for support

  3. Background Studies for European Commission • JIM Process for Candidate Countries and Independent SPSI reports: Croatia; former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia • 2008 SPSI reports on Pre-Candidate Countries: Albania; Bosnia-Herzegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo under UNSC 1244; Synthesis Report on W. Balkans Studies for UNICEF, UNDP, DFID, SCF and others

  4. SPSI Studies Chapter 1: Economic, Financial and Demographic Background Chapter 2: The Social Protection System Chapter 3: Poverty and Social Exclusion Chapter 4: Pensions System Chapter 5: Health and Long-Term Care Systems Chapter 6: Conclusions and Key Challenges

  5. Report Logic EDUCATION AND LABOUR MARKET CONTEXT ECONOMIC, FISCAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC CONTEXT INPUTS OUTCOMES Social Protection system • INSTITUTIONS • POLICIES • STRATEGIES • POVERTY • SOCIAL EXCLUSION • VULNERABILITY • RISK Pensions system Health and long-term care systems SOCIAL INDICATORS EU 2006 SPSI OBJECTIVES HISTORICAL LEGACIES & STRENGTHS

  6. Patterns and trends I • Sustained economic growth (2000-2006 1.7% - 5.3% per annum) has: • reduced absolute/survey poverty rates somewhat (n.b. still high except Croatia and Serbia) but has: • had little impact on economic activity rates (U & l/tU high and rising in Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia)

  7. Patterns and trends II • Insurance-based welfare has been undermined by a multi-dimensional contributions crisis (demographic ageing; high dependency ratios; grey economy; low activity rates; out migration; minimum declared wages; regressive nature of remittances)

  8. Patterns and trends III • Increasing inequalities in danger of becoming entrenched: sector of informal, unstable & precarious work groups w/limited access to services institutionalised and stigmatised pop.s

  9. Groups at risk • Multi-dimensionality and inter-sectionality of exclusion (n.b. research and data gaps) • ‘At risk’: (Long-term) Unemployed; Older people; Large families; Women; Children and youth; Low education levels; RDPs; Minorities (esp. Roma but also national minorities and ‘small minorities’); People with Disabilities; People with long-term health issues • Spatial dimension: Arc of exclusion; Rural – Urban; Zones of exclusion • ‘New’ survival strategies eroding long-term capabilities?

  10. Causes • Multiple shocks: War/conflicts; Structural transition; Deindustrialisation; Erosion of social capital/solidarities; ‘Captured’ social policies • Distortions caused by ‘locked in’ expenditures (tertiary health care; residential care) and new (informal) marketization • Legacy of category-based (not needs-based) social protection • Stigma, discrimination and over-professionalised approaches • Political will – Fiscal space – Technical capacities

  11. Key Challenges • Too many strategic documents – too little implementation: 1 SI strategy/1 lead agency/1 M&E framework/1 Planning process • Problems of horizontal and vertical co-ordination combine with deficits of access and voice/ participation • Balance of universal – categorical – insurance – means-tested benefits and services hard to achieve • Appropriate scales not clear (not just centralised vs decentralised) • Sustainable support for diverse providers (with quality standards) not fully in place • Measures still more ‘passive’ than ‘active’ • Co-ordination amongst development partners not yet optimal (and lessons from valuable ‘pilots’ not mainstreamed)

  12. Targeted support priorities I • Inclusive labour markets (disability; age; gender) and improved returns to education (life-long learning; skills; transitioning e.g school to work) • Holistic and integrated child and family policies (early childhood interventions; universal child benefits; family support services) • Deinstitutionalisation and minimum basket of community-based services • Social pensions within ‘active ageing’ policies • Anti-discrimination laws and practices • Area-based approaches/Action zones

  13. Targeted support priorities II • Support for evidence-based policy making – Strategic Goals; Benchmarks; Indicators; M&E; Impact Assessment (including all stakeholders) • Enhanced ‘social’ dimension of IPA programming • Regional cooperation (modelling OMC-JIM; Peer review/peer learning; common concerns; RCC as bridge to EU/global frameworks?)

  14. Thank-you for your attention SPSI Studies: http://ec.europa.eu/employment_social/spsi/enlargement_en.htm#studies pstubbs@eizg.hr

More Related