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Environmental Science

makani avatar
makani
17 diapositives · 364 Views · Jul 09, 2014

This overview traces humanity's resource utilization through milestones such as the agricultural and industrial revolutions. Initially, hunter-gatherers depended on natural food sources, evolving into agricultural practices that began around 10,000 years ago. The Industrial Revolution marked a significant shift, introducing machinery and fossil fuels that enhanced efficiency but also led to over-exploitation of resources. Today, developed nations consume a disproportionate share of the planet's resources, leading to sustainability challenges. By understanding these patterns, we can aim for a more sustainable future.

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Environmental Science
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  1. Environmental Science Look at the World’s Use of its Resources

  2. Over time… • Hunter-Gatherers • Obtained food by hunting and gathering plants • Agricultural revolution – 10,000 years ago, started collecting seeds, etc • Industrial Revolution – middle of 1700s • Water/animal muscle – coal and oil

  3. Industrial Revolution • Machinery made farming, work, etc more efficient. • Cheap transportation over great distances • Materials such as plastic, pesticides, and fertilizers developed

  4. Resources • Natural resource – natural material used by humans • Renewable resource – can be replaced quickly with natural processes • Non-renewable resource – forms at a much slower rate (fossil fuels)

  5. “Tragedy of the Commons” • When land was held in common, individuals grazed as many animals as possible • Overgrazing led to destruction of land resources

  6. “Tragedy of the Commons” • “If I don’t use this resource, somebody else will” • When land was enclosed and owned by individuals, people only grazed what they could support.

  7. “Tragedy of the Commons” • Best short-term interest of individual vs. best long-term interest of society • Earth’s Resources = modern “commons”

  8. Population and Consumption • Developed nations • 75 percent of world’s resources, 20% population = more waste • Ecological Footprint – productive area of Earth needed to support one person in a particular country.

  9. Sustainable World • Sustainability - condition in which human needs are met in a way that human population can survive • Today – far from sustainable

  10. Critical Thinking • Research is often used to make political points • Media distorts information • Be prepared to hear many different view points….

  11. Carbon Cycle

  12. Fossil Fuels • Remains of ancient organisms that changed into coal, oil, or natural gas • Supply is limited • Environmental consequences

  13. Fossil Fuel Formation • Coal – plants in swamps hundreds of millions of years ago • Sediments compressed plant remains • Oil/natural gas – decay of tiny marine organisms • compressed and heated

  14. Coal • 57% of electric production in US formed by coal • Obtained by underground mines and/or mountain removal

  15. Drilling • Oil pumped from the ground; crude oil • Fuels, chemicals, plastics – petroleum products • 45% of world’s commercial energy use

  16. Fossil Fuels and the Future • By 2050, world energy demand will double • Oil production peak??

  17. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9gGqNUxQ5Q