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NATURAL HARD WALL FINISHES

NATURAL HARD WALL FINISHES. B02/53744/2012- KAMAU ANITA WANJ I KU B02/53770/2012- KHAN HEENABEGUM MEHBOOB. BAR 210- INTERIOR DESIGN. TYPES OF NATURAL, HARD WALL FINISHES. Wood Metal Stone Concrete Tiles Terrazzo. WOOD. Renewable material which is easy to work

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NATURAL HARD WALL FINISHES

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  1. NATURAL HARD WALL FINISHES B02/53744/2012- KAMAU ANITA WANJIKU B02/53770/2012- KHAN HEENABEGUM MEHBOOB BAR 210- INTERIOR DESIGN

  2. TYPES OF NATURAL, HARD WALL FINISHES Wood Metal Stone Concrete Tiles Terrazzo

  3. WOOD • Renewable material which is easy to work • Wood undergoes seasoning, surfacing and grading before it is used. • Types of wood includes; • softwoods: pine, redwood, cedar. Softwoods have a simple micro-structure, are course and their grain structure is uninteresting. The soft woods are inexpensive, plentiful and have a resistance to decay, they are used for paneling and moldings. • hardwoods : cherry, mahogany and oak. This woods have a more complex structure than softwoods and are mainly used for furniture and interior finish details

  4. Types of wood products • Solid wood lumber; it is available in nominal or dimensional material. It is used for rough construction and framing. • Laminated- wood products; they are several layers of wood glued together. They are used for structural or finish works. • Veneers; this are thin sheets or leaves of woods produced by slicing a log, usually to maximize the utility of a piece of fine wood. Four primary veneer cuts includes: • Plain (flat) sliced- this is the most common cut • Rotary- most economical cut • Quarter Shawn • Rift cut

  5. Sources of wood • In Africa Congo and Ghana • Europe and North America:

  6. STONE • Stone is used for its aesthetic appearance, durability and ease of maintenance. Types of stone includes; 1.Igneous Granites- are dense, hard, durable and susceptible to heat when exposed to fire hence are not used for interior structural applications. - Are fine or course grained - Shades: green, pink, yellow, white and black. - Finishes: polished, honed, flamed and hammered. - Used for wall cladding, table tops and flooring

  7. 2.Sedimentary Slate and lime stone • Tend to be soft and easily cleft and hammered. • are soft, brittle and splits easily into sheets. • colour range for slate: blue to orange. 3.Metamorphic rocks Marble- relatively hard but has a venal structure that is prone to fracture. • Porous and absorbs oils. • translucent and available in a wide range of colours. • Can be polished into shiny, smooth surfaces or honed to matte finish • used for decorative wall panels, table tops, fire places, counter tops and flooring.

  8. Sources of stone • In Kenya Juja, Mazeras and Njiru, marble is mined at Mutini and limestone in Bamburi, Mombasa. • The major source of slate stone is Spain

  9. METALS • Metals are extremely durable material. • Vary in relation to water, oils and chemicals. • Can be drawn into wire, rolled into sheets, cast or stamped. • Stainless steel and chrome resist most reactants encountered in interior environment, they are used in wet rooms and clean rooms. • Brass and bronze are given a protective coat to prevent natural oxidation. • Finish technology for metals include: hammering, brushing and polishing. • Mostly used for ceiling, countertops, and at times on walls and other vertical surfaces.

  10. Sources 0f Metals -Sources of steel: Australia, China, Brazil, India, Russia, South Africa, Canada. -Sources of copper: Chile is the major producer of copper, in Africa Zambia is the leading producer followed by DR Congo, South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Morocco, Tanzania.

  11. TERRAZZO • Terrazzo is a matrix of marble, granite chips, cement, water or a synthetic resin. • It is dense, extremely durable and smooth. • Coloring is controlled by the size and color of aggregate and binder. • Placed over a concrete over bed. Types of terrazzo: • Standard terrazzo- it has small chip sizes. • Venetian terrazzo- large chips with small chips as filters. • Paladin • Rustic terrazzo- uniformly textured finish in which the matrix is depressed, exposing the aggregates, not ground or polished.

  12. CONCRETE • Extremely hard and resistant to weathering. • Aggregate of sand or gravel and a binder-cement- which is mostly used. All this natural materials have to be mixed by man in order to be used. • Concrete blocks are also used for wall interior finishes.

  13. TILES • They are thin in relation to their facial area. • Can be textured, smooth, embossed, patterned, sculptured, engraved, glazed or unglazed. CERAMIC TILES Advantages - Impervious. - Available in a wide variety of colours, sizes and finishes. - Extremely durable.

  14. Disadvantages • Expensive. • Brittle. • Requires extraordinary substrate. • Can be perceived as cold. Used in; clean areas, wet areas, high traffic areas. Sources around the world; China, Italy, Mexico, Canada and Spain. Flamingo tiles whose headquarters are in Nairobi produce tiles locally.

  15. Thank you 

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