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Ch.6 Sect.4

Ch.6 Sect.4. Development of Self-Government. I Can… analyze principles of self-government and natural rights based on Enlightenment ideas (Magna Carta/Petition of Rights) I Can… explain early hints at representative governments using the Petition of Rights and English Bill of Rights.

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Ch.6 Sect.4

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  1. Ch.6 Sect.4 Development of Self-Government I Can… analyze principles of self-government and natural rights based on Enlightenment ideas (Magna Carta/Petition of Rights) I Can… explain early hints at representative governments using the Petition of Rights and English Bill of Rights.

  2. MERCANTILISM TRIANGULAR TRADE Define them Why did they exist ? How did they effect the colonies’ economies? How did they lead to global trade and interdependence?

  3. 1700’s – Colonists worked from England’s ideas of government but began achieving hints at self-government… • Magna Carta, 1215 • Mayflower Compact, 1620 • Petition of Right, 1628 • English Bill or Rights, 1688 • These will all play a big role in state constitutions and our nation’s constitution! • US Constitution, 1788 • US Bill of Rights, 1791

  4. Rights and English Law 1761 – Boston Courts supported a government plan to use blank search warrants to control colonial smuggling. • signed by a judge, a search warrant gives officials the right to search a person’s property for a specific item. English colonists began relying on English law to protect them in the colonies since they were still English citizens… 3 major documents applied…

  5. MAGNA CARTA • English nobles forced King John to sign the Magna Carta which limited the king’s power. • Stated that nobles and free men should be heard/punished by their equals (trial by jury). • Stated the king would consult the Council about taxes and other important matters (check and balances).

  6. GREAT CHARTER Common Law Constitutional Law

  7. PETITION OF RIGHT • In reaction to King Charles taxing the people without the consent of Parliament the people protested and forced Charles to sign the Petition of Right: • Stated that the people could not be taxed without the consent of Parliament • Martial Law: temporary military power in time of war, not peace. • Habeas Corpus: protects against illegal imprisonment; people have to be told what they are being thrown in jail for and be given a court appearance.

  8. “To the Kings most Excellent Majesty,” Habeas Corpus Martial Law No Taxation without Parliament consent

  9. ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS • In response to King James II using absolute control, King William and Queen Mary accepted the English Bill of Rights: • Elections for Parliament were to be held often. • Allowed citizens to bear arms for defense. • Forbid cruel and unusual punishment. • Guaranteed right to trial by jury.

  10. Right to petitionRight to bear armsUS Constitution’s Bill of Rights

  11. Colonial Rights • Limited Monarchy: the ruler does not have complete power… it is limited. • By 1600’s England was, and still is, a limited monarchy. • English colonists claimed the same rights as people living in England. • By 1750 English colonists had more freedom and rights than people elsewhere in the Americas or in Europe.

  12. Colonial Government: was modeled after English government. • Charters promised colonists trial by jury and petition to the Crown. • Rights of Indians go unprotected. • Colonies were governed in 1 of 3 ways: • Royal colony 8 – governed by an official picked by the king. • Proprietary colony 3 – government by the person that funded the colony. • Self-governed/charter colony2 – governed by a representative legislature voted by the colonists. • Land-owning men were the voters & representatives.

  13. Colonial Government cont. • Each colony had courts. • Laws passed by England’s Parliament had to be obeyed by colonists (including taxes! And the Navigation Act!) • Local affairs, colonial control • Colonial legislatures were bicameral: 2 houses; upper & lower • NE: town meetings, public voting • S: county authorities made decisions • M: mixture of town mtgs. and county govt.

  14. Bacon’s Rebellion • N.Bacon, a wealthy VA landowner led a group against the Indians after being raided. • Led to elections! • Led a group to Jamestown after the governor. • Led to English soldiers entering VA and rebellion hangings. P.Zenger’s, a German immigrant printer. His trial led to a court ruling for a free, but responsible press/media. Political Power • Freedom of the press • Libel • Trial by jury These 2 events along with the 3 English documents are early signs that colonists were willing to fight for their rights! da-da-da-DA

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