1 / 15

Economic Performance of Small States and Islands: The Importance of Geography

Economic Performance of Small States and Islands: The Importance of Geography. Harvey Armstrong and Robert Read. Geography: Natural ‘Handicaps’. Small size Insularity Archipelagic Mountainous Landlocked Tropical Remoteness. Entities Researched. Sovereign small states

malini
Télécharger la présentation

Economic Performance of Small States and Islands: The Importance of Geography

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Economic Performance of Small States and Islands: The Importance of Geography Harvey Armstrong and Robert Read

  2. Geography: Natural ‘Handicaps’ • Small size • Insularity • Archipelagic • Mountainous • Landlocked • Tropical • Remoteness

  3. Entities Researched • Sovereign small states - Under 5m population • Dependent territories - France, UK, USA, Netherlands, Australia, New Zealand • Regions with an unusual degree of autonomy (e.g. Faroe Is., French DOMs) • N = 127, of which islands=74

  4. Economic Challenges • Domestic market small (m.e.s.) • Limited resource base - Possible MIRAB response • Narrow domestic output, exports and export markets • Very open economies • Vulnerability

  5. Responses to Challenges • Export-led growth • Niche market specialisation • Draw resources and technology from global economy • Effective use of limited policy portfolio • The ‘importance of being unimportant’ • Cultural distinctiveness • Social capital?

  6. Islands and Transport Costs • Falling over time through combination of transport technology, transport infrastructure and production technology • Other problems: transport monopolies, reliability, stockholding costs, insurance costs, damage in transit, diseconomies in loads and routings, asymmetric on- and off-island freight flows • Other causes of higher island price levels: greater use of wholesale systems, diseconomies of scale in retailing and wholesaling, local monopolies in wholesaling and retailing, local taxation arrangements (e.g. liquor taxes)

  7. Mountains, Landlocked, Tropical Climate • Mountains: Fragmentation of markets and society; Agricultural and climatic challenges • Landlocked: difficult access to maritime container freight systems • Tropical: - Agriculture (soils, weather, global markets for tropical products) - Health related (especially malaria, HIV/AIDS)

  8. GNI per capita: World Bank; Own data set extension; sometimes PPP Four categories: under $745 pc, $746-$2975, $2976-$9205, Over $9206 Truncated data sets Non-harmonisation challenges Amelioration: robustness checks, least favourable assumptions, expose biases, classificatory and limited dep. Variable methods Data Sources and Problems

  9. Effect of Size: GNI per Capita, 2001

  10. Effect of Size: GNI per Capita, 2001, States Under 3m

  11. Islands, Archipelagos, Mountainous

  12. Landlocked, Tropical

  13. The Effects of Remoteness

  14. The Four-Cluster Solution

  15. Grouped (Censored) Regression

More Related