Getting and Applying the Imagery Jeff Brown, Coordination Program Manager Center for Geographic Information and Analysi

1. Getting and Applying the ImageryJeff Brown, Coordination Program ManagerCenter for Geographic Information and AnalysisMay 28, 2010 CGIA recently moved from DENR to the Office of the State CIO as result of the GIS Study and subsequent Implementation Plan. S202, Section 6.8, directed the official action.CGIA recently moved from DENR to the Office of the State CIO as result of the GIS Study and subsequent Implementation Plan. S202, Section 6.8, directed the official action.

2. Focus Distribution of products Access to information Using the data 2

3. 3 NC Statewide Orthoimagery 2010 Data Transfer: The QC team will receive all of the data in block format from 2 to 6 counties in size After imagery correction, compress for handling and performance; 20 to 1; mosaic 50 to 1 Datasets will be packaged by county Images from adjacent counties includedData Transfer: The QC team will receive all of the data in block format from 2 to 6 counties in size After imagery correction, compress for handling and performance; 20 to 1; mosaic 50 to 1 Datasets will be packaged by county Images from adjacent counties included

4. Distribution of Imagery Products Chair: Lee Mandell, formerly with League of Municipalities Former Chair (2002-2008): Dempsey BentonChair: Lee Mandell, formerly with League of Municipalities Former Chair (2002-2008): Dempsey Benton

5. 5 Data Transfer: Each county can expect Full resolution Tiff imagery of their county, 5,000 by 5,000 tiles 20:1 compression SID imagery of tiles of their county 20:1 compression SIDS by tile for all adjacent counties 50:1 compression SID of county mosaic 50:1 compression SID of adjacent county mosaics Data Transfer: Each county can expect Full resolution Tiff imagery of their county, 5,000 by 5,000 tiles 20:1 compression SID imagery of tiles of their county 20:1 compression SIDS by tile for all adjacent counties 50:1 compression SID of county mosaic 50:1 compression SID of adjacent county mosaics

6. IT Requirements Non-redundant tiles: 58,768 Geotiff: 18 TB Compressed 20 to 1: 900 GB Additional files Portable drives for distribution (500 GB) 6

7. Final Steps Verification of products and metadata Final packaging for counties and for partners Approval by Durham and NC 911 Board Data loading for NC OneMap Delivery to counties Follow-up with counties for quality assurance Public access through NC OneMap 7

8. Public Access NC OneMap www.nconemap.gov File download (FTP) Map services (display from network) Enterprise Project Management for IT 8

9. 9 Current information on the projectdCurrent information on the projectd

10. Nov 14, 2008 GIS Day Get data from NC OneMapGet data from NC OneMap

11. 11 Instructions at the bottom of the pageInstructions at the bottom of the page

12. 12 GIS users can add the imagery to a map from the serverGIS users can add the imagery to a map from the server

13. 13 Add serverAdd server

14. 14 Transylvania County exampleTransylvania County example

15. Application Examples Roads and transportation Tax parcels Political boundaries Flood hazard areas Forests Streams 15

16. 16 Sample image � one tile, 5,000 by 5,000 feet, color, 6-inch ground resolution (pixels) Fayetteville city limits, Cumberland County, Ramsey StreetSample image � one tile, 5,000 by 5,000 feet, color, 6-inch ground resolution (pixels) Fayetteville city limits, Cumberland County, Ramsey Street

17. 17 Resolution example in Cumberland County � zoom inResolution example in Cumberland County � zoom in

18. 18 6 inch pixels6 inch pixels

19. 19 Zoom in, put streets on top. Edit street positions to match the image. What is the address of this large facility? Kelly-Springfield Tire Company. Ramsey. The picture helps orient the call answering and response. Zoom in, put streets on top. Edit street positions to match the image. What is the address of this large facility? Kelly-Springfield Tire Company. Ramsey. The picture helps orient the call answering and response.

20. 20 Example of location in imagery with apparent new construction underway (February 2008). Update street centerlines (fall 2007)Example of location in imagery with apparent new construction underway (February 2008). Update street centerlines (fall 2007)

21. 21 Add city limits over photo, check for accuracy. Add city limits over photo, check for accuracy.

22. 22 Add county boundaries, city limits, public land, other land of interest, streets. Which jurisdiction?Add county boundaries, city limits, public land, other land of interest, streets. Which jurisdiction?

23. 23 Image underneath. Zoom in Image underneath. Zoom in

24. 24 Spring Lake, Fort Bragg, conservation land, Harnett County, Cumberland CountySpring Lake, Fort Bragg, conservation land, Harnett County, Cumberland County

25. 25 Or is this an area with disturbed land for industrial or agricultural purposes? Property boundaries may five clues.Or is this an area with disturbed land for industrial or agricultural purposes? Property boundaries may five clues.

26. 26 Tax parcel boundaries in the same area. Consistent with property descriptions? Verify building permits. Subdivision? Type of land use? Off street locations (note apparent property access strips). 911 calls and response�visual of access to off-road locationsTax parcel boundaries in the same area. Consistent with property descriptions? Verify building permits. Subdivision? Type of land use? Off street locations (note apparent property access strips). 911 calls and response�visual of access to off-road locations

27. USNG, imagery, roads US National Grid overlay for reference. Search and rescue. Rural areas.US National Grid overlay for reference. Search and rescue. Rural areas.

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36. 36 Also � forest stands evergreenAlso � forest stands evergreen

37. 37 Roads and Transportation Leadership from DOT and local governments Build content for statewide street centerlines NC StreetMap tool as starting point Public sector sharing 125 registered users 39 counties registered 16 counties providing data so far More participation needed GICC Working Group leads this effort. As a community, we need to evolve to allow private sector access to this data.GICC Working Group leads this effort. As a community, we need to evolve to allow private sector access to this data.

38. 38 Seamless Parcels Leadership from local governments and from Sec of State-Land Records Mgmt Section Integrate across NC � mountains to coast Enable decision support for: Delivery of services to citizens Emergency preparedness and response Many others � Pilot project funded through Federal grant involving 25 counties GICC Working Group that grew out of a need to look at this more closely to better support the user community � both public and private sector ultimately.GICC Working Group that grew out of a need to look at this more closely to better support the user community � both public and private sector ultimately.

39. 39 Parcels from Wake and Johnston near Cleveland School community Response to events requires access to data across those boundaries � sometimes with little time to spare.Parcels from Wake and Johnston near Cleveland School community Response to events requires access to data across those boundaries � sometimes with little time to spare.

40. 40 Look for patterns across county boundariesLook for patterns across county boundaries

41. 41 Add building points and identify a point of interestAdd building points and identify a point of interest

42. NC Master Address Dataset Repository for statewide dataset Best available address data from local governments No pre-processing or data translation Repository for statewide dataset available in a consistent format from a central location Represents a compilation of best available address data from local governments No pre-processing or data translation requirements on part of local government partners Repository for statewide dataset available in a consistent format from a central location Represents a compilation of best available address data from local governments No pre-processing or data translation requirements on part of local government partners

43. NC Master Address Dataset Source data included: Building points / footprints Centerlines Parcels Consistent with emerging national standard Processes can be repeated 2010 Census results will be used over the next decade to guide distribution of Federal funds to the state and distribution of local sales tax within North Carolina. It is critical to get an accurate tabulation of the population influx North Carolina has experienced in the last decade to inform public policy decisions for the coming decade. There are numerous examples of business processes that depend on addressing information at a fundamental level. Because many of these business processes are independent (example of emergency dispatch, school bus routing, and maintenance of public utilities), the underlying business databases are also managed independently, leading to inefficiencies and duplication of effort. This project sought to leverage the process of preparing for the upcoming Census to benefit these business processes at the state level and potentially the local government level. 2010 Census results will be used over the next decade to guide distribution of Federal funds to the state and distribution of local sales tax within North Carolina. It is critical to get an accurate tabulation of the population influx North Carolina has experienced in the last decade to inform public policy decisions for the coming decade. There are numerous examples of business processes that depend on addressing information at a fundamental level. Because many of these business processes are independent (example of emergency dispatch, school bus routing, and maintenance of public utilities), the underlying business databases are also managed independently, leading to inefficiencies and duplication of effort. This project sought to leverage the process of preparing for the upcoming Census to benefit these business processes at the state level and potentially the local government level.

44. Library of Congress: Partnering to Preserve Geospatial Data NC Geospatial Data Archiving Project 2004-09 GeoMAPP Phase 1: 2007-09 (NC, KY, UT) GeoMAPP 2010: 2009-11 CGIA began its engagement with the Library of Congress in 2004 by partnering with NCSU in the NC Geospatial Data Archiving Project. Highlights of this effort that wrapped up this spring include significant outreach to local government and state agency GIS creators, support of data inventory and reporting using the national GIS Inventory (RAMONA), and beginning engagement with NC Archives. Born out of the work with NCSU, the Geospatial Multistate Archives and Preservation Partnership pairs archives and GIS staff from NC KY and Utah to further investigate the challenges of transferring and archiving geospatial data. This project has helped fund the development of a 12 Terabyte demonstration archive for GIS data at DCR as well as creating processes for deciding what data needs to be archived and how the data should be transferred and loaded into the archives. 2010 efforts will continue efforts to refine and improve data handling efforts while expanding access to archived data and focusing on developing business planning documentation to make these archives sustainable. These projects have received both national and international notice and positioned NC to as leaders in the geospatial preservation effort. Why focus so much effort on archiving geospatial data? Geospatial data help policy makers make decisions at a given point in time. Because there is often an emphasis on �currency of data�, the older data is overwritten. There is significant value, however, in this older data and its use for legal, fiscal, historical, and analysis purposes. Historic geospatial data help us understand how decisions in the past affect the current landscape. It can help guide us in making decisions today or suggest patterns for future growth. CGIA began its engagement with the Library of Congress in 2004 by partnering with NCSU in the NC Geospatial Data Archiving Project. Highlights of this effort that wrapped up this spring include significant outreach to local government and state agency GIS creators, support of data inventory and reporting using the national GIS Inventory (RAMONA), and beginning engagement with NC Archives. Born out of the work with NCSU, the Geospatial Multistate Archives and Preservation Partnership pairs archives and GIS staff from NC KY and Utah to further investigate the challenges of transferring and archiving geospatial data. This project has helped fund the development of a 12 Terabyte demonstration archive for GIS data at DCR as well as creating processes for deciding what data needs to be archived and how the data should be transferred and loaded into the archives. 2010 efforts will continue efforts to refine and improve data handling efforts while expanding access to archived data and focusing on developing business planning documentation to make these archives sustainable. These projects have received both national and international notice and positioned NC to as leaders in the geospatial preservation effort. Why focus so much effort on archiving geospatial data? Geospatial data help policy makers make decisions at a given point in time. Because there is often an emphasis on �currency of data�, the older data is overwritten. There is significant value, however, in this older data and its use for legal, fiscal, historical, and analysis purposes. Historic geospatial data help us understand how decisions in the past affect the current landscape. It can help guide us in making decisions today or suggest patterns for future growth.

45. Imagery Users Daily applications Legal, real estate, residents Web mapping Data download and transfer Local government agencies Custom mapping and data transfer Planning, public works, health 911, emergency services, public safety� 45 What do state resources bring to service for local customers?What do state resources bring to service for local customers?

46. State Resources for Creating Imagery Land Records Management Standards and specifications Geospatial Geodetic control Elevation for orthoimagery Data content standards Metadata templates US National Grid tools for custom maps Adding value and benefits in local projects, public and private 46 What do state resources bring to creating and getting dataWhat do state resources bring to creating and getting data

47. 47 More Resources and Applications Orthoimagery Acquisition and Distribution NC OneMap / USGS cost-share Floodplain Mapping Program cost-share Landslide mapping cost-share Statewide 2010 Flood Insurance Rate Maps NC Floodplain Mapping Program Detailed Soil Maps Federal: Natural Resource Conservation Service The GICC has many concurrent collaborative efforts such as those shown here. This data is used by many of you, so collaborative thinking is important as we pursue these activities.The GICC has many concurrent collaborative efforts such as those shown here. This data is used by many of you, so collaborative thinking is important as we pursue these activities.

48. Naming Imagery Tiles Collaborative solution Applying a convention 48

49. Background North Carolina Technical Specifications for Digital Orthophoto base mapping, August 20, 2009. Base module unit is consistent with county mapping standards for the last 20 years and compatible with the Parcel Identifier Number (PIN) used for most county tax mapping in North Carolina. This naming convention may be applied to geospatial data that are organized and managed by grid panel.

50. Proposed Naming Convention OC6i0_37_000_ 20765400_20100601R0 OC -2 digit product code: O= orthoimagery, C = color. Other product codes OB (B&W), OR (Infrared), DE (DEM) 6i0 � 3 digit pixel size: Use the unit indicator code (i = Inch, f = Foot, m = Meter, c = Centimeter) as the decimal point. 6 Inch = 6i0, 1.5 feet = 1f5, 1.5 meter = 1m5, 15 centimeters = 15c. Note the unit indicator code is always lower case. 37 � 2 digit NC ANSI (FIPS) Code 000 � 3 digit alphanumeric custodian code. For county maintained data this would be county ANSI (FIPS) code, 000 for statewide, or city code (RAL), or agency code (DOT) 20765400 � Map Index Number -8 digit SOS LRM Numbering of the Basic Modular Unit with Millionth place digit. 20100601R0 � 10 digit tile project date (YYYYMMDD)(RN) (RN=revision number, 0 is no revisions, R1,R2, etc to be used as needed. Additional user generated info can be appended at the END of the file name, an Underscore will be used between the date field and the additional information.

51. OC -2 digit product code: Other product codes OB (B&W) OI (Infrared) DE (DEM) OC (O = Orthoimagery, C = color) OB (O = Orthoimagery, B = Black and White) O4 (O = Orthoimagery, 4 = 4 Band) OR (O = Orthoimagery, R = Infrared) DL (D = Digital Elevation Model, L = LiDAR) DP (D = Digital Elevation Model, P = Photogrammetric) LA (L = LiDAR Point Data, A = All Return) LF (L = LiDAR Point Data, F = First Return) LG (L = LiDAR Point Data, G = Ground or Bare Earth) LI (L = LiDAR Point Data, I = Intensity) LW (L = LiDAR Point Data, W = Waveform) HL (H = Hill Shade Model, L = LiDAR) Note: Codes for other data sets will be added as needed. If the product is a primary deliverable of a technology process use the technology code as the first character. If the product is a derived product from a technology process use the product term as the first character and the technology process as the second character. Note: Codes for other data sets will be added as needed. If the product is a primary deliverable of a technology process use the technology code as the first character. If the product is a derived product from a technology process use the product term as the first character and the technology process as the second character.

52. 6u0 � 3 digit pixel size: for Raster DataVRD: for Vector DataPTD: for Point Data 6u0 = pixel size, u= unit indicator code 6i0 = 6 inches. 1f0= 1foot, 1m5= 1.5 meter, 15c = 15 Centimeter, etc

53. 37 � 2 digit NC ANSI (FIPS) Code The North Carolina ANSI (FIPS) Code will be used for all data using the North Carolina Grid paneling convention to facilitate its incorporation into national mapping systems.

54. 000 � 3 digit alphanumeric custodian code For county maintained data this would be county ANSI (FIPS) code, e.g. 017 for Bladen County http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/gis/countfips.html http://www.census.gov/geo/www/fips/fips65/download.html 000 for statewide city code (RAL) agency code (DOT)

55. 20765400 � Map Index Number � 8-digit SOS LRM Numbering of the Basic Modular Unit with millionth place digits Mapping Basic Modular Unit: 10,000 x 10,000 map panel (formerly 1" = 400�). The boundaries of each Basic Modular Unit shall be the grid ticks of the North Carolina State Plane Coordinate System evenly divisible by 10,000 ft. in north-south and east-west directions. The name of each Basic Modular Unit shall be an integer computed from the grid coordinate of the southwest corner of the 10,000 x 10,000 unit and is designated the " Map Index Number�.

56. Historical Note: (Scale) When the Base Modular unit was introduced its primary purpose was to provide an organized tiling system for paper maps. Because these were paper maps, the tiling scheme dictated the size paper that the map would fit on and therefore the scale of the map. In today's world of GIS, scale is a function of the publishing process and not a function of primary data representation. Therefore the tiling scheme has little to do with scale and every thing to do with area within its boundaries. Scale reference has misled many GIS practitioners into a false impression of detail and accuracies. Scale will no longer be part of this definition.

57. Historical Note: (Million digits) The basic modular units was designed to meet the needs of county size geography. Therefore the million digits were dropped from the scheme. When considering a project with geography the size on North Carolina the original numbering scheme repeats 3 times. The addition of the million digit for the easting and northing resolves that issue.

58. Example of redundant numbers across North Carolina All images and shapefiles from NCOneMap http://www.nconemap.com/Default.aspx?tabid=286 All images and shapefiles from NCOneMap http://www.nconemap.com/Default.aspx?tabid=286

59. NC LRM Base Modular Unit / Map Index Number The Map Index Number is derived from the NC Grid Easting and Northing for the Southwest corner of the Map Panel. EASTING NORTHING INDEX # EASTING NORTHING MAP INDEX # A = (E 2,700,000 N 0,750,000 ) = 20770500 E = (E 2,720,000 N 0,750,000 ) = 20772500 B = (E 2,710,000 N 0,750,000 ) = 20771500 F = (E 2,730,000 N 0,750,000 ) = 20773500 C = (E 2,700,000 N 0,740,000 ) = 20770400 G = (E 2,720,000 N 0,740,000 ) = 20772400 D = (E 2,710,000 N 0,740,000 ) = 20771400 H = (E 2,730,000 N 0,740,000 ) = 20772400 Note: North Carolina Grid Units are based on US Survey Foot.

60. 20770400 -- Is the Map Index Number of panel �C� and derived from the Southwest corner coordinate of panel �C� East 10,000 coordinate -- 2,700,000 North 10,000 coordinate � 0,740,000 Sub-Unit integer code 2 0 7 7 0 4 00 The first, third, and fifth digits are from the easting The second, fourth and sixth digits are from the northing This is the Mapping Basic Modular Unit (6.17 Ortho Specs 2009) with the million place added

61. Additional divisions of the Basic Modular unit into sub-units The �Basic Modular Unit� may further be subdivided 3 additional panel sizes. Panels were related to map scales. In the digital age �map scale� is a misleading term. Panel size (e.g., 5,000-ft.) will be used instead of map scale.

62. 20770400 -- representing the Mapping Index Number The last 2 digits are reserved for a sub-unit integer code used to brake the 10,000 grid into smaller units. It should be noted that: Grid Panel Sub-unit integer code 10,000 00 - 00 5,000 01 - 04 2,500 05 - 20 1,250 21 - 84

63. 10,000 x 10,000 Map PanelGraphic layout of Integer Codes20770400 The name of each Basic Modular Unit shall be the integer computed from the grid coordinate of the southwest corner of the 10,000 x 10,000 unit and is designated the " Map Index Number�.

64. 5,000 x 5,000 Map Panel Graphic layout of Integer Codes20770404 5,000 x 5,000 (formerly 1" = 200�). Each map will be one-quarter (1/4) of a Basic Modular Unit (see subsection 6.16 a. and Attachment 3, Ortho Specs 2009). The neat image area shall be bounded by the North Carolina grid ticks whose eastings and northings are evenly divisible by 5,000 feet.

65. 2,500 x 2,500 Map Panel Graphic layout of Integer Codes20770416 2,500 x 2,500 (formerly 1" = 100�). Each map shall be one-sixteenth (1/16) of a Basic Modular Unit (see subsection 6.16 a. and Attachment 3, Ortho Specs 2009). The neat image area of this unit shall be bounded by the North Carolina grid ticks with eastings and northings evenly divisible by 2,500 feet.

66. 1,250 x 1,250 Map Panel Graphic layout of Integer Codes20770460 1,250 x 1,250 (formerly 1" = 50�). Each map shall be one sixty- fourth (1/64) of a Basic Modular Unit (see subsection 6.16 a. and Attachment 3, Ortho Specs 2009). The neat image area of this unit shall be bounded by the North Carolina grid ticks with eastings and northings evenly divisible by 1,250 feet.

67. 20100601R0 � 10-digit tile project date with revisions number (YYYYMMDD) (RN) For a project that is to be delivered together, the date should be the same for the initial delivery and the revision number is R0. If a revision is made to a panel the project date will remain unchanged and R0 will be changed to R1,R2, etc to reflect the revision number.

68. Additional data Additional user generated info can be appended at the END of the file name Use underscore symbol is to be placed at the end of the project date and revision code Watch length of name Back-up system may use long path name with file name and reach a character limit Test the back-up of imagery

69. US foot versus International foot Not included in naming convention Consult metadata record Note: North Carolina uses the US foot, South Carolina uses the International foot

70. 70 Recap NC has a framework for organizing and sharing geospatial data NC has datasets, standards and expertise to support orthoimagery production Orthoimagery is essential for many applications and users Collaborative projects work The GICC has many concurrent collaborative efforts such as those shown here. This data is used by many of you, so collaborative thinking is important as we pursue these activities.The GICC has many concurrent collaborative efforts such as those shown here. This data is used by many of you, so collaborative thinking is important as we pursue these activities.

71. Questions? Contact: Jeff Brown jeff.brown@nc.gov 919-754-6584 www.ncgicc.org www.nconemap.com