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Indigenous Policing in Canada: Challenges and Possibilities

This presentation explores the challenges and possibilities of Indigenous policing in Canada, examining the perspectives of both Indigenous and Euro-Canadian justice systems, restorative justice principles, the importance of community perspectives, and the concept of restorative policing. It concludes with the need for a paradigm shift in policing to facilitate community capacity building and interdependence.

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Indigenous Policing in Canada: Challenges and Possibilities

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  1. Indigenous Policing in Canada: Challenges and Possibilities Nicholas (Nick) Jones, Ph.D. First Nations Police Governance Council Winnipeg, MB: August 07, 2018

  2. Presentation Overview • My Journey • Indigenous Policing – Background • Indigenous and Euro-Canadian Perspectives of Justice • Restorative Justice • A Holistic Policing Paradigm / Model • Restorative Policing • Some Concluding Thoughts

  3. My Journey – How I came to research Indigenous Policing in Canada • Adjudicating the Perpetrators of Genocide – Doctoral research in Rwanda • Move to SK • Student project • Hallway/ Coffee Conversation

  4. Indigenous Policing in Canada … recognizing its importance • Very small proportion of all Canadian officers directly involved in Aboriginal policing (<3%). • Canada’s colonial history • FNPP –culturally appropriate and professional policing • “Real” : “being deeply rooted in Aboriginal identity and cultural life are crucial prerequisitesto culturally appropriate policing” (Alderson-Gill, 2008, p. 64) • “Professional” : considers that sensitivity training and policing strategies (e.g., visibility) along with acting professionally are crucial factors.” (Alderson-Gill, 2008, p. 64)

  5. Indigenous and Euro-Canadian Perspectives of Justice

  6. Restorative Justice • Definition • Restorative justice is a theory of justice that emphasizes repairing the harm caused or revealed by criminal behaviour. It is best accomplished through cooperative processes that include all stakeholders (Van Ness & Strong, 2010, p. 44) • Principles • Principle 1: Justice requires that we work to heal victims, offenders, and communities injured by crime • Principle 2: Victims, offenders, and communities should have the opportunity for active involvement in the justice process as early and as fully as they wish • Principle 3: We must rethink the relative roles and responsibilities of government and community: In promoting justice, government is responsible for preserving a just order and the community is responsible for establishing a just peace.

  7. Policing in Indigenous Communities: Community Perspectives • Community Safety Issues • Tradition and Culture • The Relevance of History • Importance of Relationships • Roles and Responsibilities • A Holistic Approach to Justice • Conceptions of Policing

  8. Restorative Policing • Policing based on relational equality, rooted in community well-being • Three required changes (Bazemore & Griffiths, 2003) • Mechanisms of Change (Clamp & Paterson, 2017)

  9. Concluding Thoughts • This suggests the need for a paradigmatic shift • Policing that facilitates building community capacity based on interdependence, and community member participation • It must have all the requisite support

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