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Text Structures

Learning Targets 1. I can define the six text structures. 2. I can identify the text structure of a text. Text Structures. What is a text structure?. The structure of the text (the text structure ) is the way the information in the text is organized .

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Text Structures

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  1. Learning Targets 1. I can define the six text structures. 2. I can identify the text structure of a text. Text Structures

  2. What is a text structure? • The structure of the text (the text structure) is the way the information in the text is organized. • We will be learning about six different ways a text can be organized.

  3. The Six Text Structures • Cause and Effect • Compare and Contrast • Problem and Solution • Sequence • Chronological • Descriptive

  4. If a text explains the causes or reasons for an event or phenomenon, as well as the effects or the results of that event or phenomenon, then the text structure is “cause and effect”. Cause and Effect

  5. Key Words and Phrases: Cause and Effect • because • since • therefore • consequently • as a result • this lead to • so that • if… then • accordingly • due to • thus

  6. The car slipped into the ditch because of the torrential rains. • OR • As a result of the torrential rains, the car slipped into the ditch. Cause and Effect Cause Effect The car slipped into a ditch The torrential rains

  7. If a text discusses the similarities (compare) and differences (contrast) of two or more ideas or items, then the text structure is “compare and contrast”. Compare and Contrast

  8. Key Words and Phrases: Compare and Contrast • however • both • but, yet • as well as • on the other hand • either…or • different from • while • although • unless • similarly • like/unlike • same as… opposed to

  9. Andrew Johnson was born in North Carolina. On the other hand, Lyndon B. Johnson was born in Texas. • Similarly, both of the Presidents were from the south. Compare and Contrast Andrew Johnson Both Lyndon Johnson Born in North Carolina Born in the South Born in Texas

  10. If a problem is presented in the text, along with one or more possible ways it can be solved, then the text structure is “problem and solution”. Problem and Solution

  11. Key Words and Phrases: Problem and Solution • propose • conclude • solution • the problem • the question • research shows • the evidence is • shows that/ proves that

  12. “I keep sleeping in late and almost missing the bus.” • “Then I propose that you get to bed earlier so you’re not as tired in the morning!” Problem and Solution Sleeping in and missing the bus Problem: Get to bed earlier Solution:

  13. Sequence • If ideas or events are presented in order, then the text structure is “sequence”.

  14. Key Words and Phrases: Sequence • first, second, third, etc. • to begin with • before • after • finally • then • next • earlier • later • last

  15. First, preheat the oven to 35o degrees. Then, mix the ingredients. Spoon the dough onto the cookie sheet. Finally, place the cookie sheet in the oven for 12 to 15 minutes. Sequence • 4. Place the cookies in the oven for 12 to 15 • minutes. • 1. Preheat the oven to 350 degrees. • 3. Spoon the dough onto the cookie sheet. • 2. Mix the ingredients.

  16. Chronological • If the text explains the time order of events, then the text structure is “chronological”.

  17. Key Words and Phrases: Chronological • specific years (i.e. 2012) • names of months • names of seasons • names of centuries (i.e. the 21st century) • after • before • not long after • since • now

  18. The New England Patriots’ 2011-2012 season began on Monday, September 12 when they beat the Miami Dolphins. On January 22, 2012, they beat the Baltimore Ravens for the AFC title, winning them a trip to Super Bowl 46. Chronological Sept. 2011 Oct. 2011 Nov. 2011 Dec. 2011 Jan. 2012 Feb. 2012 First game of the season. The Patriots beat the Dolphins. Patriots beat the Ravens in AFC Championship. Patriots play in Super Bowl 46.

  19. If a text uses a lot of descriptive language such as adjectives and figurative language, then the text structure is “descriptive”. Descriptive

  20. Key Words and Phrases: Descriptive • ADJECTIVES!!! • figurative language (similes, metaphors, personification, etc.) • such as • for example • for instance • can be defined

  21. The pizza with sausage and onions tasted so good. The smooth, sweet sauce and bubbly mozzarella topped with bite-sized chunks of extra hot sausage and thin slivers of sweet onion on a perfectly baked crust delighted my taste buds. Descriptive bubbly mozzarella smooth, sweet sauce bite-sized chunks of extra hot sausage Pizza perfectly baked crust thin slivers of sweet onion

  22. What is the Text Structure? • If a text discusses the similarities (compare) and differences (contrast) of two or more ideas or items, then the text structure is “_________ _____ ________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  23. What is the Text Structure? • If a problem is presented in the text, along with one or more possible ways it can be solved, then the text structure is “___________ ______ _____________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  24. What is the Text Structure? • If ideas or events are presented in order, then the text structure is “____________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  25. What is the Text Structure? • If a text explains the causes or reasons for an event or phenomenon, as well as the effects or the results of that event or phenomenon, then the text structure is “________ ____ _________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  26. What is the Text Structure? • If a text uses a lot of descriptive language such as adjectives and figurative language, then the text structure is “___________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  27. What is the Text Structure? • If the text explains the time order of events, then the text structure is “_____________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  28. What Text Structure uses this type of graphic organizer? Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  29. What Text Structure uses this type of graphic organizer? Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  30. What Text Structure uses this type of graphic organizer? Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  31. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive What Text Structure uses this type of graphic organizer?

  32. What Text Structure uses this type of graphic organizer? Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  33. What Text Structure uses this type of graphic organizer? Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive Both

  34. What text structure has the following key words? • Key Words and Phrases: • however • both • but, yet • as well as • on the other hand • either…or • different from • while • although • unless • similarly • like/unlike • same as… opposed to

  35. Key Words and Phrases: What text structure has the following key words? • because • since • therefore • consequently • as a result • this lead to • so that • if… then • accordingly • due to • thus

  36. Key Words and Phrases: What text structure has the following key words? • propose • conclude • solution • the problem • the question • research shows • the evidence is • shows that/ proves that

  37. What text structure has the following key words? • Key Words and Phrases: • first, second, third, etc. • to begin with • before • after • finally • then • next • earlier • later • last

  38. What text structure has the following key words? • Key Words and Phrases: • ADJECTIVES!!! • figurative language (similes, metaphors, personification, etc.) • such as • for example • for instance • can be defined

  39. What text structure has the following key words? • Key Words and Phrases: • specific years (i.e. 2012) • names of months • names of seasons • names of centuries (i.e. the 21st century) • after • before • not long after • since • now

  40. What is the Text Structure? • If a text discusses the similarities (compare) and differences (contrast) of two or more ideas or items, then the text structure is “_________ _____ ________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  41. What is the Text Structure? • If a problem is presented in the text, along with one or more possible ways it can be solved, then the text structure is “___________ ______ _____________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  42. What is the Text Structure? • If ideas or events are presented in order, then the text structure is “____________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  43. What is the Text Structure? • If a text explains the causes or reasons for an event or phenomenon, as well as the effects or the results of that event or phenomenon, then the text structure is “________ ____ _________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  44. What is the Text Structure? • If a text uses a lot of descriptive language such as adjectives and figurative language, then the text structure is “___________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  45. What is the Text Structure? • If the text explains the time order of events, then the text structure is “_____________”. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  46. What Text Structure uses this type of graphic organizer? Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  47. What Text Structure uses this type of graphic organizer? Cause and EffectProblem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  48. What Text Structure uses this type of graphic organizer? Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

  49. Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive What Text Structure uses this type of graphic organizer?

  50. What Text Structure uses this type of graphic organizer? Cause and Effect Problem and Solution Compare and Contrast Sequence Chronological Descriptive

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