1. The Maglab Presents:Magnetic Moments Carlos R. Villa National High Magnetic Field Laboratory

2. NHMFL Overview • One of three national labs in the Southeast U.S. • One of nine high magnetic field labs in the world • Only one in western hemisphere • Largest and highest powered in the world

3. Center for Integrating Research & Learning • Educational component of NHMFL’s grant • RET programs • 6 weeks • $3600 stipend • REU also available • K-12 education outreach • 9,000 students visited this school year • Professional development • Workshops and conferences

4. Magnet Review • Gauss • Measurement of magnetic field • Named for Carl Friedrich Gauss • Tesla • Measurement of larger magnetic fields • Named for Nikola Tesla • 10,000 Gauss = 1 Tesla

5. Magnetic Metals • Not all metals are magnetic • 3 Are naturally magnetic • Iron • Nickel • Cobalt • Exceptions to the rule • Gadolinium • Must be frozen

6. Magnetite • Fe(II)Fe(III)2O4 • Naturally magnetic igneous rock • Usually found in marine sands and deserts • Largest US deposit in NY (Adirondacks) • Lodestone found In Arkansas • Different crystalline structure

7. Magnetism • Motion of electrons create magnetic fields • In some atoms, spins cancel out • Pauli exclusion • Magnetic domains • In magnets: lined up • Whenever all electrons spin the same direction: magnetic field is produced

8. Permanent Magnets • Electrons tend to line up in groups (Domains) • Domains reinforce other domains • Turn material magnetic • Examples: Refrigerator Magnets, Bar Magnets, Magnetite, Horseshoe Magnets, Hematite, etc… • Field can be lost • Curie Point • Electric Current • Degaussing • Bang It

9. Temporary Magnets • Domains temporarily aligned • Will keep magnetic field until tampered • Examples: • Paperclips, scissors, staples, thumb tacks, pins, screwdrivers, refrigerator door, car doors, etc… • Anything that is magnetic, but will not keep its field

10. Viewing Field Lines • Field viewers • Box photo frames • Iron filings • Use with paper • Clean-up can be a mess

11. Drawing Field Lines • Seeing fields • Bar magnet • As many compasses as possible

12. Magnaprobe

13. Create A Compass • Allow it to float • Must turn freely • Needle • Petri dish • Coffee stirrer • Water • Permanent magnet • Magnetize an item

14. Electricity and Magnetism • The two are so closely related • Where there is electricity, there is a magnetic field • Where there is a magnetic field, electricity can be created

15. Creating Magnetism From Electricity • Electricity is the movement of electrons • Electrons flow in one direction • This alignment of electrons creates a magnetic field • Similar to electrons lining up in a permanent magnet • So every wire carrying electricity has a weak magnetic field around it (Try it) • Coiling the wire concentrates the magnetic field inside the coil

16. Electromagnets • Materials • Copper wire • Iron rod • Battery • Extensions: • 2 batteries • In line? • Aluminum, wooden rod • Will they work?

17. Electromagnets Extensions: • Right hand rule • Direction of field • Poles (Winding direction) • Use magnaprobe • Variables: • Neatness • Number of winds • Wire gauge • Battery strength • Temperature

18. Bitter Plates

19. Bitter Plates

20. Iron In Our Food • Iron in cereal • Total • Baby food • Need a strong magnet • Neodymium

21. A special solution of magnetic particles in a colloidal suspension whose flow can be controlled by magnets or magnetic fields. Ferrofluids

23. Ferrofluids • Make your own: • Oil, petri dish, magnet • Please be careful • Iron filings: • Education Innovations • Post Apple Scientific • Actual ferrofluids available: • Carolina Biological • Educational Innovations

24. Cow Magnets

25. Additional Resources Stop Faking It: Electricity & Magnetism Bill Robertson Driving Force: The Natural Magic of Magnets James D. Livingston

26. Additional Resources • http://education.magnet.fsu.edu • MagLab Alpha; Science, Optics, & You; other curriculum • MagLab audio slideshows • RET Program • K-12 Programs

27. Thank You Carlos R. Villa National High Magnetic Field Laboratory villa@magnet.fsu.edu • 850-644-7191