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EMEP Intensive Measurement Periods June 2006 / January 2007

Highly time resolved measurements of inorganic gases and aerosols during the EMEP intensive campaign June 2006. Eiko Nemitz , Rick Thomas, Chiara di Marco, Gavin Phillips: Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) Edinburgh, UK. Rami Alfarra, Urs Baltensperger: Paul Scherrer Institute, CH.

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EMEP Intensive Measurement Periods June 2006 / January 2007

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  1. Highly time resolved measurements of inorganic gases and aerosols during the EMEP intensive campaign June 2006 Eiko Nemitz, Rick Thomas, Chiara di Marco, Gavin Phillips: Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) Edinburgh, UK. Rami Alfarra, Urs Baltensperger: Paul Scherrer Institute, CH. Rene Otjes, Jan Willem Erisman: Energy Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Petten, NL. University of Kopio, FI.

  2. New feature of the new measurement strategy Also provide an interim solution until EMEP Supersites (Level 2 & 3) are established Periods for June 2006 & January 2007 focussing on the gas / aerosol partitioning of inorganic aerosol Measurements include Daily measurements with manual techniques (Wenche) Hourly measurements with two different continuous techniques (this presentation) So far only preliminary data available from online techniques EMEP Intensive Measurement Periods June 2006 / January 2007

  3. Quantitative measurement Concentration & size distribution But, limitations: Measurement of sub-micron aerosol (100% across 40-600 nm) Thermal vapourisation at 550°C: non-refractory aerosol only Good for: NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4, NH4Cl, organic aerosol Does not measure: sea salt, crustal material Ionisation: Thermal vapourisation, followed by electron impact ionisation (70 eV) Less fragmentation than laser ionisation More fragmentation than chemical ionisation The Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer

  4. Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) Particle Particle Beam Aerodynamic Sizing Composition Generation Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer Chopper Thermal Vaporization & Electron Impact Ionization TOF Region Aerodynamic Lens (2 Torr) Turbo Pump Turbo Pump Turbo Pump Particle Inlet (1 atm) 100% transmission (30-600 nm), aerodynamic sizing, linear mass signal. Development of an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer for Size and Composition Analysis of Sub-micron Particles. Jayne et al., Aerosol Science and Technology 33:1-2(49-70), 2000.

  5. Continuous wet denuder (NH3, HNO3, HCl, SO2, HONO) Steam jet aerosol collector (NH4+, NO3-, SO42-, Cl-) (MARGA also Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) Anions: online anion IC Cations: online cation IC (MARGA) diffusion membrane / conductivity for NH4+ (GRAEGOR) Two separate sampling boxes for PM2.5 and PM10 (GRAEGOR TSP) The ECN MARGA/GRAEGOR

  6. The MARGA/GRAEGOR

  7. Comparison AMS vs. MARGA

  8. 1st EMEP Intensive Measurement Period June 2006:Gas / aerosol partitioning of inorganic aerosol(contributions: ECN, NL; Univ. Kopio, FI; PSI, CH) Auchencorth, Scotland Total PM1 = 8.6 mg m-3 Cabauw, The Netherlands Total PM2.5 = > 12.4 mg m-3 Mace Head, Ireland Total PM1 = 6.0 mg m-3 Payerne, Switzerland Total PM1 = 19.4 mg m-3 Harwell, England Total PM2.5 = 13.7 mg m-3

  9. Overview of Average Concentrations

  10. Total Measured Concentrations

  11. Nitrate

  12. Sulphate

  13. Ammonium

  14. NH3 & SO2

  15. HNO3 & HCl

  16. HNO3 & HONO

  17. Provides powerful dataset for model validation Bulk concentration Gas / aerosol partitioning Fine vs. coarse nitrate Size distributions Data towards aerosol climatology for Europe Analyse in its own right Analysis in local context Data Usage

  18. Concentration Products[NH3] x [HNO3]

  19. Size distribution at CEH EMEP campaign Scottish Site

  20. Average size distributions Auchencorth Payerne Mace Head

  21. Charge Balance (NH4+ vs. sum of NO3- and SO42-)

  22. Contribution of Regional Ammonium Aerosols to Exceedances of PM10 Air Quality Standards in Urban Areas

  23. Concentration Statistics

  24. The continuous measurements provide a very nice dataset for model evaluation Successful given that this is a new modus operandi, although more sites would be preferable For January 2007: MARGA at Auchencorth (established supersite) GRAEGOR at Harwell (supersite being established) MARGA at Cabauw AMS at Payerne (?) Finish AMS at Scandinavian site? (part time?) German AMS (MPI) at Jungfraujoch More AMS systems could be deployed (e.g. Univ. Manchester AMSs). Funding? Gap in Southern and Eastern Europe Conflict between long-term research commitments of the participating institutes Summary and Outlook

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