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Chapter 14.2+.3

Chapter 14.2+.3. Combined Gas Law and Ideal Gases. Combined Gas Law. Equation V 1 x P 1 = V 2 x P 2 T 1 T 2 Solve for T 2 , V 2 , or P 2. The volume of a gas filled balloon is 30.0 L at 313 K and 153 kPa. What would be the volume at STP?. Hint: What is P, T at STP?

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Chapter 14.2+.3

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  1. Chapter 14.2+.3 Combined Gas Law and Ideal Gases

  2. Combined Gas Law Equation V1 x P1 = V2 x P2 T1 T2 Solve for T2, V2, or P2

  3. The volume of a gas filled balloon is 30.0 L at 313 K and 153 kPa. What would be the volume at STP? Hint: What is P, T at STP? V1 = 30.0L V2=? T1=313 K T2=273K P1=153 kPa P2=101.3kPa V2=P1 x V1 x T2 =153x30.0x273 = 39.5L P2 x T1 101.3 x 313

  4. Ideal Gas Law • Combined gas laws plus n = number of moles R = ideal gas constant, 8.31 (L kPa/K mol) is given to you in tests…. PV = nRT Solve for n=

  5. An underground cavern contains 2,356 L methane gas CH4 at a pressure of 150 kPa and a temperature of 315 K. How many moles of CH4 does the cavern contain? • P = 150 kPa • V = 2,356 L • T = 315 K • R = 8.13 L kPa/K mol n = 150 x 2,356 = 135 moles 8.13 x 315

  6. Real gases behave differently from ideal gases Because real gas particles… • have a volume. • are attracted to each other, especially if compressed. • Turn into a liquid when pressure is high enough or temperature is low enough.

  7. Portions below curve due to intramolecular attractions • Portions above curve due to particles having a volume

  8. Gas Laws and Diving • Air contains 70% nitrogen • Due to high pressure under water, nitrogen dissolves in the blood ►nitrogen narcosis results. The greater the depth, the more nitrogen dissolves. • Nitrogen interferes with nerve impulses, causes dizziness, and slow reactions.

  9. Decompression Sickness • When a diver surfaces rapidly, the nitrogen leaves the blood suddenly; little bubbles form all over the body, blocking arteries and blood flow, causing nausea, pain, vomiting. • Divers coming from high depth have to sit in a decompression chamber that gradually lowers the air pressure.

  10. Use of dive tables • calculating decompression stops and gas mixture, less N2 in air when diving high depth

  11. Practice • How many grams of Oxygen are contained in a 40 liter tank under 1000 kPa at -10oC? • Hint: solve for n then convert into g – use PT

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