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Moving Toward Independence

Moving Toward Independence. 1775-1776. Second Continental Congress. May 10, 1775 Second Continental Congress meets. Again in Philadelphia, same building. New Leaders Emerge Many members from the First Continental Congress returned, and new members arrived. Benjamin Franklin.

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Moving Toward Independence

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  1. Moving Toward Independence 1775-1776

  2. Second Continental Congress May 10, 1775 Second Continental Congress meets. Again in Philadelphia, same building

  3. New Leaders EmergeMany members from the First Continental Congress returned, and new members arrived. Benjamin Franklin Thomas Jefferson

  4. AccomplishmentsCongress started doing governmental functions. • 1. Authorized printing of money. • 2. Established a postal system. • 3. Establish communications with Native Americans • 4. Established an army George Washington in command.

  5. Olive Branch Petition An attempt to reconcile with Great Britain. Rejected by George III

  6. Thomas Paine January 1776, Paine wrote a pamphlet called “Common Sense” which advocated independence.

  7. Invasion of Canada Late in 1775 American forces launched a two pronged attack into Canada.

  8. Canadian Invasion Leaders Richard Montgomery Benedict Arnold

  9. Montgomery’s Route Traveling north from Fort Ticonderoga, his men were able to seize Montreal.

  10. Arnold’s Route Traveling through the Maine Wilderness the route was much longer and more difficult.

  11. Battle of Quebec Attacking during a blizzard on December 31, the assault fell short. Montgomery was killed, Arnold wounded.

  12. Daniel Morgan Taking command of the Americans, Daniel Morgan led a skillful defense so the Americans could be saved.

  13. Boston1776 British general William Howe controlled Boston. Washington wanted to drive him out. But he did not have the artillery to do it.

  14. Henry Knox A former bookseller, Knox came up with the idea of transporting cannon from Fort Ticonderoga to Boston.

  15. Howe Evacuates Knox transports 55 guns from Ticonderoga. Howe evacuates Boston to Halifax, Nova Scotia.

  16. Independence Reasons for Caution Reasons for Independence Captured soldiers treated as prisoners Patriot government could confiscate goods Better chance of getting foreign aid • Stability of English Law • If revolt fails—tried for treason • Fear of Anarchy

  17. Independence Proposed June 7, 1776, Richard Henry Lee presents a resolution for Independence.

  18. Committee Formed June 11, five man committee is formed to write the document: Benjamin Franklin John Adams Robert Livingston Roger Sherman Thomas Jefferson* Jefferson youngest at 32 and is tasked with the writing.

  19. Debate The committee goes over the document.

  20. Resolution Adopted Lee’s resolution is formally adopted July 2.

  21. Document Discussed July 3: Document discussed and formally adopted.

  22. Adoption July 4, 1776, Declaration is formally adopted.

  23. John Hancock First to sign So large so George III can read his name without spectacles.

  24. Public Readings July 8, Philadelphia July 9, read to Washington’s Army

  25. Something to Fight For Now the Continental Army had something to fight for.

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