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Learn how to control program flow and repetition with 'for' statements in Java. Understand the structure, working principles, and practical examples of nested loops. Enhance your coding skills with this comprehensive guide.
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Repetition Flow Control (Loops) • The for statement • Causes a set of statements to be repeated a fixed number of times as it counts through a range of numbers up to the limiting value.
The for Statement • The number of times the process will be repeated is determined by the programmer when setting the limit.
Thefor Statement Structure for (int index = 0; index < limit; index++) { statements to be repeated } • How it works: • int index = 0 declares and initializes a “counting” variable that will keep track of how many times it has gone through the loop. • index < limit compares the value of index to the value of limit. If index < limit is TRUE, it performs the statements inside the structure. • index ++ increases the counter variable by 1.
How the for Statement Works Program flow int limit = 3; // set the # of times to repeat. for (int index = 0; index < limit; index++) { statements to be repeated } index = 0
How the for Statement Works Program flow int limit = 3; // set the # of times to repeat. for (int index = 0; index < limit; index++) { statements to be repeated } index = 0 ? index (0) < limit (3)
How the for Statement Works Program flow int limit = 3; // set the # of times to repeat. for (int index = 0; index < limit; index++) { statements to be repeated } index = 0 ? index (0) < limit (3) Go TRUE Code to print “Go” on the screen.
How the for Statement Works Program flow int limit = 3; // set the # of times to repeat. for (int index = 0; index < limit; index++) { statements to be repeated } index = 0 index = 1 ? index (0) < limit (3) ? index (1) < limit (3) Go Code to print “Go” on the screen. index ++
How the for Statement Works Program flow int limit = 3; // set the # of times to repeat. for (int index = 0; index < limit; index++) { statements to be repeated } index = 1 index = 2 ? index (1) < limit (3) ? index (2) < limit (3) Go TRUE Go Code to print “Go” on the screen. index ++
How the for Statement Works Program flow int limit = 3; // set the # of times to repeat. for (int index = 0; index < limit; index++) { statements to be repeated } index = 2 index = 3 ? index (2) < limit (3) ? index (3) < limit (3) Go TRUE Go Code to print “Go” on the screen. Go index ++
How the for Statement Works Program flow int limit = 3; // set the # of times to repeat. for (int index = 0; index < limit; index++) { statements to be repeated } index = 3 FALSE ? index (3) < limit (3) Go Go Code to print “Go” on the screen. Go index ++
Nested Loops • In nested loops, an entire loop structure is within another loop structure. • The inner loop will be completely executed each time through the outer loop.
Nested Loops Example for (outerIndex = 1; outerIndex < 3; outerIndex++) { for (innerIndex = 0; innerIndex < 3; innerIndex ++) { System.out.println(outerindex, innerIndex); } } Output: OuterInner 10 11 12 20 21 22
for statement assignment • Using the Alice program you created previously that had an animal of your choice jump realistically, use a for loop structure to have it jump repeatedly. Prompt the user for the number of times it should jump.