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Space Environment

Space Environment. Solar Physics. Sun . it is a star has a radius of about 696,000 km composed of H and He emits large amount of mass and energy (about 4 x 10E33 erg/sec) “quite” sun radiates IR radiation (thermal) Surface temperature (approximately 4,600 K)

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Space Environment

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  1. Space Environment Solar Physics Sun it is a star has a radius of about 696,000 km composed of H and He emits large amount of mass and energy (about 4 x 10E33 erg/sec) “quite” sun radiates IR radiation (thermal) Surface temperature (approximately 4,600 K) is about 93 miles away from the Earth Also emits steady stream of protons and electrons H. Kirkici Istanbul Technical University Lecture-4 September 30,2003

  2. Space Environment Solar Physics Space environment and environmental effects in Earth orbit are due to the solar activities Sun releases “energy” in several forms Explosions causes “shock” waves Magnetic field causes disturbances Relative motion of the Earth, sun, and other bodies causes local changes (i.e. thermal) H. Kirkici Istanbul Technical University Lecture-4 September 30,2003

  3. Space Environment Solar Physics Solar flare The sun The planets Sun’s image during an eclipse x-ray image H. Kirkici Istanbul Technical University Lecture-4 September 30,2003

  4. Space Environment Solar atmospheric layers Chromospheres Photosphere Corona H. Kirkici Istanbul Technical University Lecture-4 September 30,2003

  5. Space Environment Photosphere, the visible surface of the Sun H. Kirkici Istanbul Technical University Lecture-4 September 30,2003

  6. Space Environment Chromospheres, the layer of the solar atmosphere Located above the photosphere, but beneath the transition region and the corona. Hotter than photosphere, but not as hot as corona H. Kirkici Istanbul Technical University Lecture-4 September 30,2003

  7. Space Environment Corona Outer layer of the solar atmosphere. Consists of a highly rarefied gas with low density and a high temperature. Temperature is greater that 1,000,000 K. Visible to the naked eye during the solar eclipse. H. Kirkici Istanbul Technical University Lecture-4 September 30,2003

  8. Space Environment Solar Physics and its influence on the formation of the Earths atmosphere and near earth space environments will be covered by Prof. Dr. Yurdanur Tulunay H. Kirkici Istanbul Technical University Lecture-4 September 30,2003

  9. Space Environment Solar Spectrum Electromagnetic Spectrum Gamma rays 10E22 Hz Xrays 10E19 Hz UV VISIBLE 10E14 IR Microwaves 10E10 Hz RF 10E4 Hz Utility Power 50-60 Hz irradiance 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 wavelength UV IR visible H. Kirkici Istanbul Technical University Lecture-4 September 30,2003

  10. Space Environment Electromagnetic Spectrum Absorption and transmission in Earth’s atmosphere H. Kirkici Istanbul Technical University Lecture-4 September 30,2003

  11. Space Environment Questions?... H. Kirkici Istanbul Technical University Lecture-4 September 30,2003

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