Learning and Remembering (Part2)
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Presentation Transcript
2008-20817 KoYoungkil Learning and Remembering(Part2)
Contents • Explicit, Implicit memory • Two kinds of Explicit memory • Semantic and Episodic memory • Physiology of memory • Rats experiment • Brain imaging • Forgetting
Explicit, Implicit memory(1/2) • Explicit(Declarative) memory • Memories relating to people’s name and addresses, their telephone numbers, and the name of their dogs (remembering?) • Implicit(non declarative) memory • Memories relating to how to walk, how to keep upright on a bicycle, how to hit home run, or how to do a triple lutz in ice skating (knowing?)
Explicit, Implicit memory(2/2) • Physiological Evidence • Amnesiacs who cannot remember anything even his name and age. • But, he can ride a motor skills • Above things are related to explicit memory, but non declarative things are remained(implicit memory)
Two Kinds of Explicit memory • Amnesiac ‘K.C.’ • He cannot remember himself ever experiencing or doing anything. He does not remember a single occasion. • He knows that his family owns a summer cottage, where it located, even he can point out the location on a map.
Semantic and Episodic memory • Semantic memory • About the world, such as abstract knowledge, knowledge of principles, laws and facts. (K.C. has) • Episodic memory • Knowledge consisting of personal memories of events that have happened to the individual.
Physiology of Memory • Lashley’s Rats • Lobbed off tiny chunks of brain • He expected that the memory of maze route is located in the specific part. False. • -> Memories are scattered throughout the brain rather than located in just one place. • Globalist’s view
Physiology of Memory • Brain imaging • EEG(electroencephalogram) • PET(Positron emission tomography) • f-MRI(functional magnetic resonance imaging) • Words or tones are stronger and more localized in the left temporal lobe • Localist’s view
Forgetting • All of you saw this in ‘Human-Memory’ • Brain Injury • Fading Theory • Distortion Theory • Repression Theory • Interference Theory • Retrieval-Cue Failure
