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The American Colonies

The American colonies witnessed the birth of representative government through the establishment of the House of Burgesses in Jamestown and the Mayflower Compact promoting direct democracy. Each colony developed its own constitution and elected assemblies, reflecting their unique governance styles, from proprietary to royal and self-governing systems. The colonies varied in economy and geography, from New England’s trade to the Southern plantations. Religious diversity flourished, with groups like Puritans, Quakers, and Catholics influencing society and culture, shaping the foundations of American democracy.

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The American Colonies

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  1. The American Colonies

  2. Government • First legislature/representative assembly in Jamestown was the House of Burgesses • Mayflower Compact-direct democracy • New England Town Meetings-DD • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut-first constitution IN America

  3. Bacon’s Rebellion (Va.)- Bacon wanted the Governor to protect them against natives. First Rebellion

  4. Early Colonial Governments • Each colony had its own constitution • Each colony had a governor (elected or appointed) • Each colony had a legislature elected by free adult males • The colonies took on more responsibility as Britain dealt with other issues.

  5. Geography • New England (MRCN) • Middle Colonies (NNPD) • Southern Colonies (M,V, NC, SC, G): 2 up, 2 down Why is geography of the colonies so important?

  6. Economy • New England-infertile soil, trade, fishing, ships, lumber • Middle-fertile land, breadbasket (grain), trade • Southern-plantation (Triangular Trade/Middle Passage)

  7. Types of Colonies • Proprietary-owner • Royal-king • Self-governing-Connecticut and Rhode Island

  8. Religious Diversity • Pilgrims-Mayflower, 1620, Separatists, Plymouth • Puritans-”Purify” church, Massachusetts, 1630, Salem Witch Trials • Quakers-“inner light”, Pennsylvania • Catholics-Maryland • Religious Dissenters-Rhode Island (Roger Williams) • First Great Awakening-1720’s, led by Jonathan Edwards

  9. Society • Family Patterns-father controlled, mom-traditional roles • Social Classes-3 (upper, middle, lower) • Education-local government sets it up, heavily influenced by money, gender, and religion Note: Most early universities were formed to train men for the ministry

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