Immunity and Disease Test Review

1. Immunity and Disease Test Review 7th grade Science

2. 1. Organism that carries a disease2. Use of chemicals to destroy cancer cells3. Occurs when your body makes its own antibodies4. Overly strong reaction of the immune system to a foreign substance. Active Immunity Biological vector Allergy Chemotherapy

3. 5. Complex group of defenses the body has to fight disease.6. Killing most bacteria by heating food at high temperatures.7. Occurs when antibodies are introduced into the body. Immune System Passive Immunity Pasteurization

4. The first person credited with proving that bacteria could cause disease was ________. Pasteur

5. _________ is a bacterial disease that can cause sterility if untreated. Chlamydia Gonorrhea Herpes Both a and b

6. _________ diseases are spread by water, air, food, contact, and by organisms. Infectious

7. _________ developed a way to detect which pathogen caused a particular disease Koch

8. The U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) monitors_______. The spread of disease Epidemics Diseases brought into the United States

9. ________, and English surgeon, recognized the relationship between the death rate and the degree of cleanliness in surgery in the 1800s.l Lister

10. Allergies _____________. Dust is an allergen for some Reactions include watery eyes Most reactions are not serious

11. ________ is a virus that hides in the body for long periods of time Herpes

12. What is true about immunities? Newborns have passive immunity Immunities build as you grow older Vaccines create active immunities

13. A _________ is a substance made by an organism in response to invading substances and disease-causing organisms. • Antibody

14. What is true about HIV? Victims of it often die of pneumonia It can be transmitted by contact with bodily fluids It breaks down the immune system

15. What is true about cancer? It results from uncontrolled cell growth Cancer cells do not function normally Its cells travel in the body

16. Molecules that are foreign to your body are called _________. Antigens

17. AIDS Herpes Syphilis

18. Strep ThroatMeaslesInfluenzaDiphtheriaMumpsChicken PoxTetanusHepatitis Bacteria Viruses

19. What is the relationship between pasteurization and disease? • The pasteurizing process heats food to temperatures that kill most harmful bacteria. By killing harmful bacteria, the chance of disease is decreased.

20. Explain how HIV affects the immune system. HIV attacks cells in the immune system called lymphocytes. Theses are the cells that normally fight antigens that cause disease. The body is left with no way to fight invading antigens, and the whole immune system breaks down. AIDS patients develop other diseases such as pneumonia, cancer, or tuberculosis and usually die from theses diseases.

21. Syphilis • Cause: Bacteria • Means of transmission: Sexual Contact • Stage 1 Symptoms: Mouth sores • Stage 2 symptoms: Rash, fever, lymph glands swell • Stage 3 symptoms: Infect cardiovascular and nervous systems. • Treatment: Antibiotics in early stages most effective • Outcome if untreated: Damage to body organs, death

22. Immune system • Your ________ is made up of cells, tissues, organs, and body system that fight foreign organisms. ___________ is a barrier that prevents many pathogens from entering the body. • Your circulatory system contains ___________ blood cells that surround and digest foreign organisms and chemicals as they enter the body. Sometimes, when the blood cells cannot destroy the bacteria fast enough, a ______________ develops. Skin White fever

23. cilia cough • Your respiratory system has ___________ and mucus in the nose and throat to trap pathogens. When you __________ you expel pathogens. • In the digestive system, ___________in your mouth, stomach, pancreas, and ____________ destroy pathogens. ______________in your stomach kills bacteria that enter your body on the food that you eat. If you do get sick, your body has defenses in the form of _____________. enzymes liver Hydrochloric Acid Specific Immunity