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Understanding Types of Chemical Reactions and Energy Changes in Integrated Science

This chapter explores the various types of chemical reactions, including addition, decomposition, single-displacement, double-displacement, and combustion reactions. Students will learn to differentiate between these reactions and predict products based on given reactants. Additionally, the chapter covers energy changes in reactions, classifying them as exothermic or endothermic. Practical applications include observing household chemical reactions to establish rules for precipitate formation and demonstrating safe laboratory practices during investigations.

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Understanding Types of Chemical Reactions and Energy Changes in Integrated Science

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  1. Unit 7, Chapter 21 Integrated Science

  2. Unit Seven: Changes in Matter Chapter 21 Types of Reactions • 21.1 Chemical Changes • 21.2 Chemical Equations

  3. Chapter 21 Learning Goals • Distinguish between different types of reactions. • Given the reactants, identify the type of reaction that will occur and predict the products that will be produced. • Analyze energy changes that accompany chemical reactions and classify them as exothermic or endothermic. • Observe reactions of household chemicals to develop a set of rules for precipitate formation. Use these rules to make predictions. • Demonstrate safe practices during laboratory investigations.

  4. exothermic reaction polymerization precipitate reaction insoluble single-displacement reaction Chapter 21 Vocabulary Terms • addition reaction • combustion reaction • decomposition reaction • dissolution reaction • double-displacement • endothermic reaction

  5. 21.1 Classifying Reactions • Being able to recognize the types of reactions will help you predict what types of substances will be produced.

  6. 21.1 Types of Reactions Addition Reaction A + B----->AB Fe (s)+O2 (g)----->Fe2O3 (s) Remember: Fe+ O2 ----->Fe2O3 4 3 2

  7. 21.1 Types of Reactions: Decomposition Reaction AB-----> A+ B 2 H2O(l) -electricity-> 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 NaHCO3(s) -heat-> 2 H2 (g) + NaCO3 (g)

  8. 21.1 Types of Reactions: Single Displacement Reaction A A + X X B B -----> + Fe Fe + Cu Cu Cl2 -----> + Cl2 -----> +

  9. 21.1 Types of Reactions: Double Displacement Reaction AB +CD --> AC+ BD 2 Pb(NO3)2+ KI--> PbI2+ KNO3 2

  10. 21.1 Types of Reactions: Combustion Reaction CxHy+O2---> CO2+H2O +energy 6 C6H12O6+O2--->CO2+ H2O 6 6

  11. 21.1 Precipitation

  12. Key Question: How can you predict the products of a reaction? 21.1 Classifying Reactions ? *Read text section 21.1 BEFORE Investigation 21.1

  13. Key Question: How can you classify reactions based on energy? 21.2 Energy in Reactions *Read text section 21.2 AFTER Investigation 21.2

  14. 21.2 Energy in Reactions Exothermic reactions produce energy. C6H12O6+O2--->CO2+ H2O + energy 6 6 6 Photosynthesis takes place in the leaves of plants.

  15. 21.2 Energy in Reactions Endothermic reactions require more energy than they produce. 2 Al2O3 (s)+energy--->Al (s)+ O2 (g) 4 3 Aluminum is refined from aluminum ores.

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