Energy Planning & Development for Community Sustainability

1. Presented by: Jay Wrobel Senior Economist Sustainable Energy Planning Office Gas Technology Institute Energy Planning & Development for Community Sustainability

2. Gas Technology Institutewww.gastechnology.org • Nonprofit research organization developing sustainable energy & environmental technology solutions • 340+ scientists, engineers, analysts, planners & contract managers • Hydrogen systems research & development • Renewable energy systems development • Cleaner combustion technologies • Energy efficient technologies & systems • Performance testing & optimization • Sustainable community energy planning • Funded by government & energy industries

3. Presentation Content Context & Catalyst for Sustainable Energy Development Community Sustainability: Challenges & Solutions Continuing National & Global Initiatives

4. Exceptionally Clear Air Quality In Mexico City Typical Air Quality Poor Air Quality Context: Energy, Environment & Economics • Continuing Urbanization & Consumerism has led to Substantial Increases in Energy Demand • Inefficient Use of Energy Resources has Seriously Degraded Local & Global Environmental Quality & Continues to Threaten Human Health • Energy Costs for many Communities in Developing Economies can be 70% of all Annual Expenditures • Energy Costs for most Communities in Developed Economies are Second Only to Labor Costs • Yet, Energy Is Rarely Considered in the Design, Development & Management of Community Infrastructure or Systems

5. Context: Energy & Community Development Baltimore Urbanization • 80% of U.S. Population is Urban • Land use development expanding twice the rate of population growth • Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) expanding three times the rate of population growth • 80% of U.S. Energy is Consumed in Our Cities & Development Affects 70% of consumption! • Sprawling development consumes 85% more electricity, 70 times more water, 50 times more lumber & 40 times more land than energy-smart development • Environmental, Social & Economic Costs of Urban Energy & Resource Use is the #1 Challenge to Community Sustainability

6. Global Competition to Produce Alternative Models for Energy & Resource Efficient Community Development 9 National Teams Engaged in 2+ Year Research & Design Effort 9 Different Development Models Emerged with Similar Solutions Catalyst: IGU Competition 2001-2003 International Competition for Sustainable Urban System Design • Argentina - Buenos Aires • Canada - Vancouver • China - Changshu • Germany - Berlin • India - Goa • Japan #1 - Tokyo • Japan #2 - Mishima • Russia - Vologda • United States - San Diego / Tijuana

7. A design for an existing city that by 2103, would result in the sustainable use of all resources & the practical elimination of global greenhouse gas emissions Description of a “Total Energy System” in which all aspects of production, consumption and waste disposition are environmentally compatible A roadmap defining the institutional, economic, technological and social developments necessary to reach sustainability by 2103 Catalyst: IC-SUSD Expectations

8. Community Sustainability: Challenges & Solutions • Urban Sprawl • Energy Consumption Impacts • Material Resource Depletion • Transportation Congestion & Air Quality Impacts • Water Quality Degradation • Affordable Housing Scarcity • Government Fragmentation • Marketplace Dysfunction • Public Ignorance

9. Urban Sprawl • Environmentally insensitive development practices and uncontrolled/unregulated growth are consuming prime agricultural, forests and wetlands, stressing natural resources & threatening biodiversity Challenge Potential Solutions • Urban containment or growth boundaries • Mixed-use, transit oriented development & optimization of existing urban footprint • Concentration of growth in self-sufficient urban cells/clusters or villages

10. Energy Consumption Impacts • Over-reliance on fossil fuels & associated local & global environmental degradation • Lack of public awareness & concern for energy efficiency & conservation Challenge Potential Solutions • Renewables (solar, wind, hydro., biogas, geothermal, waste-energy systems, etc.) • Net-zero energy buildings, combined cooling-heat-power systems & distributed generation • Community-based resources management

11. Material Resource Depletion • Growing solid waste disposal dilemma • Single-purpose use of materials in buildings, vehicles & commodities • High embedded energy cost of materials Challenge Potential Solutions • Waste minimization via “Cradle-to-Cradle” design, manufacturing & commodity leasing • Adaptive reuse of existing structures using green building standards & controls • Utilization of alternative recyclable materials

12. Transportation Congestion & Air Quality • Congestion across the metropolitan region, particularly along city-suburban thoroughfares • Air emissions (ground-level ozone) & noise • Limited availability of appealing public transit Challenge Potential Solutions • Efficient transit & transit-oriented development • Surface light rail, trolley, flexi-bus and mono-rail • Alternative fuels & propulsion systems (compressed & liquid natural gas, ethanol, hydrogen fuel cells & electric motor engines)

13. Water Quality Degradation • Inadequate drinking water supplies • Urban & agricultural non-point source pollution & wetlands losses • Inadequate control of municipal effluents Challenge Potential Solutions • Comprehensive watershed protection controls & stewardship programs • Natural wastewater filtration utilizing wetlands & sanitary solids recycling • Water reclamation and reuse

14. Affordable Housing Scarcity • Cost of home ownership & “fuel poverty” • Substandard housing w/ inadequate sanitation Challenge Potential Solutions • Adaptive reuse of the existing building stock to satisfy demand • Building energy efficiency a priority • Targeted mortgage qualification programs for reconstructed housing projects

15. Government Fragmentation • No existing institutional arrangementsfor ecosystem-wide sustainable development • Lack of local control over local issues Challenge Potential Solutions • Regional form of governance for regional resources and functions • Region-wide resources management & development strategy • Neighborhood/village management councils & local autonomy to reach regional goals

16. Marketplace Dysfunction • Cost of environmental & social externalities excluded from commodity pricing & markets • Government subsidies for unsustainable practices continue Challenge Potential Solutions • Integration of an ecological footprint approach to urban design & development • Introduction of full-cost accounting & pricing within commercial market segments • Consumer education & empowerment initiatives to build sustainable markets

17. Public Ignorance • Most individuals are simply unaware of the impact their lifestyle choices have on the sustainability of local and global resources • Belief that science & technology will save the day, no matter the hour Challenge Potential Solutions • Awareness building & educational initiatives • Product sustainability certification & labeling • Citizen engagement in resources management

18. U.S. – Mexico Design Entry 18 - Minute DVD Presentation

19. IC-SUSD Jury & Specialties • Dr. Shigeru Ito, Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo, Japan • Urban Planning • Dr. Ismail Serageldin, World Bank & Curator, Alexandria Museum, Egypt • Sustainable Development • Dr. Ernst U. von Weizsacker, Member of the German Parliament, Germany • Global Environment • Dr. Stephen Graham, Newcastle University, United Kingdom • Information Technology • Mr. Casio Taniguchi, Mayor Curitiba City, Brazil • City Management • Ms. Haikyung Shin, Correspondent, Joong-Ang Ilbo, Korea • Culture & Lifestyle • Mr. Gary Neale, Chairman, President, CEO, Nisource, Inc., United States • Energy

20. Accept Responsibility for Creating More Sustainable Communities Consider Energy Impacts Across All Community End-Uses Develop Cleaner Energy Technologies & Consumer Market Demand Lead the Effort to Build Healthier Communities, Worldwide!

21. Sustainable Urban Energy Roadmapping Initiative The Global Energy Center for Community Sustainability Continuing National & Global Initiatives

22. Sustainable Urban Energy Roadmapping Initiative • Goal: • “Accelerate adoption of sustainable energy planning, technologies and best management practices among U.S. communities” • Objectives & Approach: • Characterize community needs & barriers • Nationwide assessment - 90 city survey • Series of regional problem-solving workshops • Examine alignment of gov’t resources w/ needs • “Gap Analysis” of Federal & State EO’s program resources • Improve alignment via future R&DD agenda & initiatives • Collaborative multi-level government strategy

23. Sustainable Urban Energy Roadmapping Initiative • Current National Status • DOE/EERE funding likely in FY’05, pending current reorganization of deployment programs • Proceeding with a California-Focused SUE Project Initiative • California Energy Commission/PIEREA • SEMPRA Energy Utilities • Other California Utilities • PG&E, SMUD, SCE, LA-DW&P, PGIP, SW-Gas, Sierra Pacific, Vista Utilities • Will Create Basis for New PIER Program & Funding

24. The Global Energy Center for Community Sustainability(GEC) Public-Private Partnership Initiative to Advance the Sustainable Use of All Energy Resources within Communities

25. GEC Initiators • U.S. Department of Energy • Secretary’s National Energy Policy Office • Support from the White House & State Department • City of San Diego – Mayor’s Office • City of Honolulu – Mayor’s Office • Gas Technology Institute

26. GEC Mission & Approach Promote the Efficient Use of Energy in the Development of Economically, Socially & Environmentally Healthy Communities Integrate Cleaner & Efficient Energy Resources & Technologies into the Design, Development & Management of All Urban Systems

27. GEC Technology Focus Area EnergySupply RenewablesCleaner Fossil Advanced SystemsDistributed Resources GenerationTransmissionDistributionSecurity URBAN SYSTEMS Built Infrastructure EnvironmentalQuality Air QualityWater QualityWaste Management Land Use Development TransportationCommunicationsIndustrial FacilitiesBuilding Systems

28. GEC Management Focus Area Planning& Design Energy PlanningUrban Ecology Design Models Life Cycle Analysis Performance Indicators Resource Management HUMAN SYSTEMS Economic Development Governance Best Practices Regulatory ModelsCommunity Participation Industrial Ecology Market MechanismsTechnology Financing

29. GEC Activities • Knowledge • Baseline assessments & benchmarks • International / regional exchanges • Tools • Energy efficient technologies & practices • Education, training & demonstrations • Capital • Market development for energy technologies • Intermediary financial services for projects • Governance • Promotion of regional energy management • Facilitation of urban leadership exchanges • Action Plans • Model designs & technical assistance

30. GEC Targeted Beneficiaries • Urbanizing Communities, Worldwide • Developed and developing economies • Communities with basic energy services • Public & Private Entities That Serve Them • Federal, regional & state agencies • Financial & development institutions • Technology developers & providers • Research & academic institutions • Non-governmental organizations

31. GEC Proposed Announcement • 19th World Energy Congress • Sydney, Australia – September 5th, 2004 “Delivering Sustainability: Opportunities and Challenges for the Energy Industry”

32. For More Information: Sustainable Energy Planning Office 1700 South Mount Prospect Road Des Plaines, IL 60018 847-390-7800 www.gastechnology.org/sustainability