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The writing process. By : Angélica Guerra, MS Greater Miami Adventist Academy Collated with Houghton Mifflin – English (charts & some p ictures taken from book). The Writing Process Has 5 Parts. Prewriting Drafting Revising Proofreading Publishing.
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The writing process By: Angélica Guerra, MS Greater Miami Adventist Academy Collated with Houghton Mifflin – English (charts & some pictures taken from book)
The Writing Process Has 5 Parts • Prewriting • Drafting • Revising • Proofreading • Publishing
Before you even prewrite, you must think of 2 things: entertain • Who your audience will be • What is your purpose for writing – (entertain, inform, persuade, or MORE THAN ONE of them) • YOU MAY WANT TO BEGIN THINKING about how you will publish your writing (picture book, power point, essay, etc.)
1. PREWRITING • This is the MOST difficult part (for most people). • It is composed of 3 parts: C = CHOOSE A TOPIC E = EXPLORE A TOPIC O = ORGANIZE A TOPIC
PREWRITING -> C CHOOSE A TOPIC To do this, you must: • Remember your past experiences • Talk to other people about theirexperiences • Read a book • Use your imagination • Etc.
Now, brainstorm a list of topics (3-5) that you will consider for your writing.
Concerning the topic you want to write about, ask yourself: • Can I use at least 3 senses to describe it? • Can I add lots of details? • Do I like this topic?
Now, CHOOSE the topic you will finally use in your writing. My Favorite Restaurant…
PREWRITING -> E EXPLORE A TOPIC To do this, think: • What will I write about? • Place information in any way that works for you (see chart next slide) • Use your senses (see chart 2 slides from now)
Now, using the method that best works for you, explore your topic.
PREWRITING -> O ORGANIZE YOUR TOPIC To do this, you must: • Choose what to include. • Plan your order. • Group events or ideas that go together (ex. a reason and its supporting details). • Choose an organizational pattern that fits your purpose (see chart next slide).
But how do I organize, REALLY?! • Decide how to organize (see chart). • Group details that go together. • Delete details that aren’t important or relevant. • Number your details in order. • Add other necessary details.
Now, organize your topic keeping in mind the 5 items just described. 1-2-3-4-5 (End of Prewriting)
Don’t worry about mistakes or messiness. Keep your purpose and audience in mind as you write. Example: Inform / Elem. students
Add more details as needed. If you change your mind about something, DON’T START OVER; just cross out and continue. My frend friend is…
But how do I do it? Write sentences and paragraphs: Using your prewriting plan, turn phrases into sentences, etc. EX: “Crunchy, salty fries” “The French fries at Johnny Rockets are crunchy fresh and deliciously salty to my taste buds.” Every paragraph needs a topic sentence. (The sentence that expresses the essential idea of the paragraph; usually found at the beginning)
Write a beginning and an ending: • Introduce your topic in an interesting way. • Write an ending that tells your overall impression or a comment on the topic. A grabber!
Make transitions: Use words that tie your paragraphs. • The body of your writing: For each paragraph, think of the main idea and write a topic sentence. EX: Johnny Rockets is my ultimate favorite restaurant! (This is the TOPIC SENTENCE FOR THE ENTIRE PAPER.)
DON’T ERASE! Make changes right on the draft. • Use a different color pencil or pen.
Revising is where it’s at… You should do FOUR things when revising: • Add something. • Take away something. • Change something. • Move something.
Adding Something Includes: • Transitional words and phrases • Showing sentences/paragraphs • Magnified moments • Precise word choice • Dialogue • Adding a conjunction to combine two short sentences • Simile or metaphor
Taking Away Includes: • Eliminating unrelated information • Too many “I’s” • Too many “and then(s)” • Too many “so’s” • Etc.
Changing Something Includes: • Look through the paper. • On the LEFT-hand column, list every verb you used. • On the RIGHT-hand column, write a substitution for each verb you listed on the left. EX. The man fell. / The man collapsed.
M • Use “editor’s marks.” THESE MARKS ARE USED FOR BOTH REVISING AND PROOFREADING!
NOW, ASK YOURSELF: • Did I say what I wanted to say? • Did I elaborate by adding details? • Did I organize my facts? • Did I make my writing interesting and appropriate for my audience and purpose?
THIS IS A GOOD TIME TO HAVE A CONFERENCE WITH A PARTNER OR THE TEACHER (just to make sure you’re on track!).
Focus on ONE skill at a time. • Circle words that might be misspelled (but you’re not sure) to check them later in a dictionary. • Use “editor’s marks.” (same chart used with Revising)
“EDITOR’S MARKS” LEARN THEM, AND USE THEM!
THERE ARE MANY WAYS OF DOING THIS: • an illustrated book • a Pw. Pt. • present as a report from the front of the class • etc.
