1. Renal Failure Ben Langbehn

2. Objectives Terms Anatomy Types Causes Symptoms Tx By the Numbers

3. Terms • Acute Renal Failure (ARF) • Oliguria • Anuria • Isothenuria • Uremia • Chronic Renal Failure • End-Stage Renal Failure (CRF) • Reduced Nephron Mass • Rhabdomyolysis • Multiple Myolema • Glomerulus • Glomorulonephritis • Reduced Renal Mass • Glucose Intolerance • Hemodialysis • Peritoneal Dialysis

6. Types • Acute Renal Failure (ARF) -Prerenal -Renal -Post-renal • -Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) and End-Stage Renal Failure

7. Prerenal Causes • Hypovolemia • Dehydration • Poor intake of fluids • Medication • Loss of blood supply to the kidney

8. Renal Causes • Sepsis • Medications • Rhabdomyolysis • Multiple Myeloma • Acute Glomerulonephritis

9. Glomerulonephritis

10. Post Renal Causes • Obstruction of the bladder or ureters • Prostate cancer or hypertrophy • Tumors in the abdomen • Kidney stones

11. Chronic Renal Failure Causes Most Common • Poorly Controlled Diabetes • Poorly Controlled High BP • Chronic Glomerulonephritis Less Common • Polycystic Kidney Disease • Reflux Nephropathy • Kidney Stones • Prostate Disease

12. Symptoms • Metabolic Acidosis • Inability to secrete Potassium • Increased urea in the blood • Anemia • Generalized weakness • Loss of Appetite • Lethargy • Fatigue • Rapid breathing • Increased BP • Increased fluid leading to CHF • Coma

13. Treatment • Transplant • Renal Dialysis • Hemodialysis • Peritoneal Dialysis

14. RO Unit

15. In America • >250,000 people have end-stage renal failure (Diabetes and HTN cause more than half) • 50,000 die yearly • 30,000 new cases of CRF are diagnosed each year • The numbers of donors has been sufficient for about 1/3 of the people on the waiting list

16. Sources Cited Essentials of Paramedic Care (Second Edition) Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (Seventh Edition) www.medicinenet.com www.venofer.com www.medindia.net www.uwhealth.org www.37point5.co.uk/healthcare/renal.php www.medsci.org