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25 - Late Adulthood-Psychosocial

25 - Late Adulthood-Psychosocial. Erickson’s theory. Erikson’s Integrity vs. despair Maintain integrity and identity Objects (e.g. photos) become more precious Hold on to identity. Income and well-being. Income strongly effects the well-being of the elderly. Activities in late adulthood.

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25 - Late Adulthood-Psychosocial

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  1. 25 - Late Adulthood-Psychosocial

  2. Erickson’s theory • Erikson’s Integrity vs. despair • Maintain integrity and identity • Objects (e.g. photos) become more precious • Hold on to identity

  3. Income and well-being • Income strongly effects the well-being of the elderly

  4. Activities in late adulthood

  5. Work • Psychological benefits • Social support & recognition • Status • Increased self-esteem • Self-fulfillment

  6. Aging in place • Desire to stay in the same home • Home care • Adjustments for aging • E.g. bath tubs

  7. Political activism • More letter writing & voting • AARP • American Association of Retired Persons • Largest organized interest group in the U.S. • Age 50 & over • Advocates for the elderly • Re: Medicare, pensions, prescription drugs, medical costs

  8. Friends & relatives

  9. Long-term partnerships • Spouses buffer problems of old age & help extend life • Married older adults are healthier, wealthier, and happier than unmarried people their age • In long term marriages, the elderly are happier in their marriages compared to younger adults in their marriages • Partners become interdependent & emotionally closer than younger couples • Spouses accept each other’s frailties • Assist with physical & psychological needs

  10. Family • Filial responsibility • Obligation of adult children to care for aging parents • Most adults in U.S. want to be self-sufficient • Elderly are more likely to give financial support than to receive it.

  11. Grandchildren • Grandparents follow one of four approaches • 1. Remote (Distant) grandparents • Emotionally distant • 2. Companionate grandparents • Most U.S. grandparents • Happy to be free of childbearing demands • Will look after grandchildren if other commitments allow it • 3. Involved grandparents • Active in the day-to-day lives of their grandchildren • 4. Surrogate parents • Raising their grandchildren • Parents usually unable or unwilling to do so

  12. Friendship • Older adults need at least one close companion (Spouse or friend) • Most never married adults are happy and active • Life satisfaction correlates with friends more than family

  13. Activities of Daily Life (ADLs) • Five self-care tasks important to daily living • Eating • Bathing • Toileting • Dressing • Transferring from bed to a chair

  14. Instrumental activities of daily life (IADLs) • Actions requiring cognitive ability (Intellectual competence) • Grocery shopping • Paying bills • Driving • Critical to self-sufficiency (even more than ADLs).

  15. Elder abuse • Most abuse is committed by adult children • Most likely when: • Care receiver is frail • Drug-addicted caregiver • Isolated place • Poverty

  16. Assisted living • An intermediate care for older adults • Combines privacy and independence with medical supervision

  17. Long-term care (Nursing home) • 90% of elders are independent • Half will need nursing-home care at some time

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