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ESP Post Processor Hypothetical Test Example. Objective.
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Objective • The objective of this test is to evaluate alternative approaches for a hydrologic post-processor to generate an ensemble prediction (simulation) of observed streamflows using calibration hydrographs and corresponding observations as input data. • The functional relationship between the observed and simulated hydrographs is prescribed as part of the test.
Hypothetical Test Case • This particular test uses a hypothetical calibration hydrograph • constructed from the observed hydrograph so that the “simulated” hydrograph “leads” the observed by one day and • is equal to the observed value multiplied by a random factor with a standard deviation equal to 10% of the observed value. • This test was designed to see if two alternative processors (GLM and a statistical error model) could adjust for phase errors as well as systematic biases and random errors.
Example Simulation Test Select historical data from each year from a window of N days where N = Na + Nf + Nbuffer Analysis Period Future Period Qobsf (to be predicted) Qsimf (given) Qobsa (given) Qsima (given) Time Na = 8 Nf = 45 Buffer Buffer Nw = Na + Nf “Present” (t = 0) Nbuffer = 15 Note: Nbuffer sets of Nw days of data are taken from each of NYRS years of data. This gives NOBS = NYRS * Nbuffer observations for each day
Correlations between Observed and Simulated and Ensemble Means
Comparison of Observed, Simulated (Lag-Test) and Adjusted Ensemble Streamflow Hydrographs (z-space)
Comparison of Observed, Simulated (Lag-Test) and Adjusted Ensemble Streamflow Hydrographs
Mean and Standard Deviation Statistics of Observed, Simulated and Adjusted Ensemble Members
Cumulative Distribution Functions of Daily Observed, Simulated and Adjusted Ensemble Streamflow Values
Conclusions • The General Linear Model (GLM) was able to: • Correct the phase error • Create ensemble members that have the same climatology as the observed values • Preserved “intrinsic” skill (after phase error correction) • The Statistical Error Model of (Qobs-Qsim): • Could not distinguish between phase and random errors • Could not preserve the climatology of the observations • Gave much larger RMS errors than the GLM