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Employment, Skills and Migration

Employment, Skills and Migration. Un organised Labourers in Odisha -Some facts. Unorganized workers constitute 175.42 lakh in Odisha , out of which 86.1% are from rural and 24.38 are from the urban- Census 2011

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Employment, Skills and Migration

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  1. Employment, Skills and Migration

  2. Un organised Labourers in Odisha-Some facts • Unorganized workers constitute 175.42 lakh in Odisha, out of which 86.1% are from rural and 24.38 are from the urban- Census 2011 • Odisha’s primary sector contribution to GSDP is only 20 percent but employs 62% of workforce. • In contrast the services sector that contributing a massive 41 percent to GSDP could employ only close to 21 percent of the workforce. • The secondary sector has a contribution of around 39% but employs only 17 percent during 2014-15. - Odisha Economic Survey 2015-16 • Increase of 22.9% of total workers in 2011 over 2001 in Odisha. Displacement from Agriculture and joining in labour force. • The marginal workers constitute 39% of the total workforce out which, staggering 82% of workers engaged for 3-6 months and 18% workers engage less than 3 months. - Census 2011

  3. Census 2001 describes Odisha as one key labour sending state- 937148 interstate migrant labourers • Informal estimates of 2 to 3 lakh unskilled labour migration from western and southern districts and mostly poor landless, small & marginal farmers migrates with family • Increasing trend of youth migration • More than 8000 bonded labourers in Odisha • MGNREGA failed to fulfill adequate employment need of unskilled labourers • Only 33.4% household availed work during 2015-16 • 8.9% HHs completed 100 days work • Employment generation reduced to 24.9% during 2014-15

  4. Key concerns • Increasing unemployment among unorganised workers • Low wage rate and low income growth • Lack of portability of entitlment and basic service for inter and intra state migrant workers • Mismatch between quality of supply and demand of labour • More labour are unemployed due to lack of requisite skill • MGNREGA has failed to meet the employment need of un-organised and un-skilled laborers due to malfunctioning • Large scale distress migration of poor un-organised labourers, increasing trend of labour exploitation, • Situation of debt bondage – 2895 as per assembly report and SECC 2011 reflects 8292 legally released bonded labour in Odisha (10,000)

  5. Response of the Govt. • Initiatives of Odisha Building and Other Construction Welfare Board-inclusion of brick kiln migrant labourers • Enhancing wage under MGNREGA and additional wage work during drought period • Seasonal hostel for migrant children • Rastriya Swasthya Bima Yojana for labourers and migrants • Tripartite MoU for welfare and rights of interstate migrant labourers • Introducing Toll free number for migrant workers • Dept. of Panchayatiraj initiative to curb distress migration-Provision of funds identification &tracking, enforcement, rescue and welfare measure of interstate migrants in 11 districts • Recent declaration(17th Sept, 2016) on setting help desk for interstate Odia migrant labourers in 4 destination states

  6. Key recommendations: • Comprehensive census and mapping of unorganised, informal and disguised workers in Odisha • Policy to make agriculture sector remunerative and employable. Need to retain more rural workers into agriculture sector • Set up Welfare Board for non construction workers and create welfare fund (fish worker, agriculture workers, forest workers, domestic worker)etc • Policy to stop disguise and distress migration; initiate inter-state MOUs for non exploitative labour and social security.

  7. Registration and monitoring of labour contractor/placement agency for both domestic and international migrant workers. • Set up special labour cell for grievance redress of migrant workers • Revive MGNREGA, streamline its deliverable, allocate higher budget, enhance wages, increase workdays and improve MGNREGA governance. • Policy to promote both continuing education and skill promotion. Set up panchayat/block level skill development centre, make job placement accountable, dignified and non exploitative.

  8. Thank you very much Umi Daniel, Aide et Action, South Asia

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