Rotary Drilling Review

1. Rotary Drilling Review • Key Components of a Drilling System • Hoisting • Rotating • Circulating • Power • Hoisting System includes • Derrick/Mast • Draw works • Drilling line

2. Rotary Drilling Review • Mast and derricks • Support the weight of the traveling and crown blocks • Support the drill pipe when out of the hole • Mast – portable unit • Derrick – permanent frame • Blocks (Crown and Traveling) • Crown – sits on top of derrick/mast, Never moves • Traveling - moves up and down. Swivel connected to drill string hangs from hook attached to the block.

3. Rotary Drilling Review • Draw works • Largest and heaviest component on the rig • Houses the drum and the drilling line • Raises and lowers the traveling block and drill string • Tongs • Used to make-up (screw together) the drill pipe and drill collars

4. Rotary Drilling Review The Rotating System • Swivel • Hangs from traveling block by a hook • Supports the drill string • Inside rotates • Allows everything below it to rotate • Kelly • Square or hexagon pipe that rotates the drill string and the bit • Attaches to the bottom of the swivel • Fits into the kelly bushing • Kelly bushing fits into master bushing – part of the rotary table • Rotating kelly turns the drill bit

5. Rotary Drilling Review • Slip • Placed on the pipe to prevent it from falling into the hole. • Gripping dies (teeth) keep the pipe from falling • Drilling Assembly • Drill pipe, drill collars, drill bit • Drill pipe – 30’ long section of pipe. • Drill collars – put weight on the bit. Larger in diameter and thicker than drill pipe • Drill bits – picked based upon the hardness of the rock • 3 types – Roller cone, Diamond, Hybrid

6. Rotary Drilling Review • Circulating Equipment • Mud Pumps – circulate drilling mud in the hole • Mud stored in steel tanks – mud pits • Shale Shaker – vibrating screens that separate the mud from the drill cuttings • Desander/Desilter – removes “solids’ from the mud that were too small and fell through the shale shaker. • Drilling Mud • Removes cuttings • Cools and lubricates the bit • Prevents fluids from entering the well • Builds wall cake to prevent caving

7. Rotary Drilling Review • Mud Engineer responsible for monitoring the mud • Viscosity – ability to carry cuttings • Weight – ability to prevent fluids from entering the well • Filtration rate – ability to build wall cake • Solids – effects the penetration rate of the bit. • Power • Prime Movers • Internal combustion engines • Diesel (Most common) • Others - Natural gas, LPG, electric

8. Questions • What are the 4 major components of the drilling system? • Describe the difference between a derrick and a mast. • What is the difference between the crown block and the traveling block? • What are the major pieces of rotating equipment on a Rotary Table system? • Describe the function of the “slips” • When making a connection while drilling, what is the function of the “tongs”? • What is a section of pipe called? • Which is heavier, a joint of drill pipe or a joint of drill collars? • What is the special grease called? What is its’ purpose? • Describe how a roller cone bit operates • Why is drilling mud important? • Describe the roll of a mud engineer.