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The Muscular System

Bodies in Motion. The Muscular System. Functions of the Muscular System. Motion Posture (tone) Respiration Production of body heat Communication by expressions and body language Constriction of organs and blood vessels Heartbeat (pulse). Properties of muscle tissue.

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The Muscular System

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  1. Bodies in Motion The Muscular System

  2. Functions of the Muscular System • Motion • Posture (tone) • Respiration • Production of body heat • Communication by expressions and body language • Constriction of organs and blood vessels • Heartbeat (pulse)

  3. Properties of muscle tissue • Contractility: Ability to shorten with force. Muscles can only pull, not push.

  4. Excitability: The ability of a muscle to respond to a stimulus, usually a nerve signal

  5. Extensibility: Muscle fiber can stretch beyond its normal length and still contract Elasticity: A muscle can return to its original shape after being stretched

  6. 3 Types of Muscles • Skeletal • Smooth • Cardiac

  7. Skeletal Muscle:` • Cells are called fibers • Long, parallel cylinders with striations and multiple nuclei • Voluntary • Also control reflexes • Move the body

  8. Gross Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle: Chapter 9 • Muscles can only pull – never push • Muscles must work in pairs to move body parts • The pairs are called agonists and antagonists The triceps is the antagonist The biceps Is the agonist

  9. Origin and insertion: • The origin is the fixed (immobile) end of the muscle • The insertion is the movable end of the muscle

  10. Muscles are named for… • Location: posterior/anterior, brachial (arm), pectoral (chest), etc…. (Tibialis anterior) • Number of heads: bi (2), tri (3), etc…. • Size:maximus, minimus, longus, major, minor, etc…. (Peroneuslongus) • Origin / Insertion: The sternocleidomastoidoriginates on the sternum and inserts on the mastoid

  11. Muscles you should know: Origin, insertion, and action • Orbicularisoculi (234) • Orbicularisoris (234) • Zygomaticus (major/minor) (234) • Temporalis (237) • Massester (237) • Sternocleidomastoid (240) • Trapezius (240)

  12. … More Muscles … • Latissimusdorsi (248) • Pectoralis major (248) • Biceps brachii (251) • Triceps brachii (251) • Gluteus maximus (256) • Sartorius (258) • Biceps femoris (258)

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