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Understanding Key Experimental Terms: Hypotheses, Variables, and Research Validity

This guide explores essential experimental terms and concepts crucial for conducting scientific research. It covers the definition of a hypothesis, types of variables including independent and dependent variables, and the importance of operational definitions in experiments. Additionally, it discusses reliability and validity, emphasizing their roles in ensuring accurate and credible research findings. An example hypothesis involving high school students and SAT scores illustrates these concepts in practice.

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Understanding Key Experimental Terms: Hypotheses, Variables, and Research Validity

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Experimental Terms Nury Segovia Nicole Spencer Timothy Alexander Brian Greene

  2. What is a Hypothesis? • A hypothesis is a tentative theory that has not been tested yet. • Researchers will develop a hypothesis at the beginning of an experiment predicting what they think will happen.

  3. What are the Types of Variables? • An independent variable is the factor of an experiment that is being manipulated. • A dependent variable is the factor that is measured. • The dependent variable typically changes due to the independent variable.

  4. What is an Operational Definition? • An operational definition describes each variable in an experiment and how they are studied.

  5. Reliability vs. Validity • Reliability is the repeatability of findings. An experiment is reliable if the results are consistent when the experiment is repeated. • Validity is the credibility of research. An experiment is valid if the results were measured correctly and are unbiased.

  6. Identify the Experimental Terms • Hypothesis- High school students who participate in after-school tutoring will have higher SAT scores. • Independent Variable- After-school tutoring • Dependent Variable- The SAT scores of students

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