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The American Ostriches

The American Ostriches. PSD. Askin ’ All Them Questions. AAA CCC FDIC WPA FHA NRA. US Becomes a Good Neighbor. Good Neighbor Policy Suggests that US is more interested in being a regional power Why? Interventions hadn’t paid off Great Depression stopped investment in countries

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The American Ostriches

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  1. The American Ostriches

  2. PSD

  3. Askin’ All Them Questions • AAA • CCC • FDIC • WPA • FHA • NRA

  4. US Becomes a Good Neighbor • Good Neighbor Policy • Suggests that US is more interested in being a regional power • Why? • Interventions hadn’t paid off • Great Depression stopped investment in countries • Less money so less reason to intervene

  5. US Becomes a Good Neighbor • Nonintervention • Withdrew Marines from Haiti • Released Cuba from Platt Amendment • Relaxes grip on Panama • Refused to intervene in Mexico • Results

  6. Golden Rule Diplomacy • Secretary Hull • Results • Foreign trade increased • Boosted relations with Latin America • Promoted peace • Reversed protective tariff trend • Paved way for free-trade

  7. Pit Stop • Good Neighbor Policy • Reciprocal Trade Agreements • New Deal • 100 Days • Court packing

  8. Less Eagle…More Ostrich • Great Depression Leads to… • Hitler = Germany • Stalin = USSR • Mussolini = Italy • American Ostriches

  9. The Dictators • Adolf Hitler • Joins National Socialist Worker Party • Promises to • Stabilize nation • Rebuild economy • Restore empire • Nazis become majority in 1933 • Hitler becomes Chancellor • Uses fire to stop rights • President dies • Hitler takes over and becomes Fuhrer

  10. The Dictators • Japan • Leaves disarmament conference, 1935 • Signed Tripartie Pact, 1940 • Germany and Italy • Italy • Using oil embargoes • Didn’t want to cause a physical war

  11. American Ostriches • Merchants of Death • Senate investigates American involvement in _________________ • Neutrality Acts

  12. American Ostriches • Results • Declined to build up its army • Lets navy decline • Roosevelt is called a warmonger when he starts to mobilize

  13. Pit Stop • Neutrality Acts • Italian Invasion • Senate investigation • Treaty of Versailles • New Deal

  14. Dictators Take Power • Japan • China Incident, 1937 • Quarantine Speech, 1937 • Panay incident • Japanese sink an American gunboat • Japan quickly apologizes

  15. Dictators Take Power • Germany • Bloodlessly occupies Austria • Hoped this would be last territorial gain

  16. Dictators Take Power • Sudetenland • Kristallnacht • All of Czechoslovakia • Bloodlessly

  17. American Ostriches • Nazi-Soviet Pact • Non-aggression pact • Poland • Germans are being oppressed • Sent mechanized units in on 9/1

  18. American Ostriches • President Roosevelt • Declares neutrality • Americans are rooting for democracies but don’t want to send troops • Neutrality Act of 1939 • Loans • War debts • Torpedoing of American ships • Results • China couldn’t get anything • Improved US economy and employment rate

  19. France Falls • Germany makes its way through Northern Europe • Romania • Denmark • Norway • Belgium • Netherlands • France • Germans trap 340,000 Allied troops • France falls on June 20th • Pro-Nazi government • ___________ Government

  20. France Falls • Effects of France Falling • What if Hitler gets Britain? • Roosevelt • Congress approves 37,000,000,000 for defense • Havana Conference • Keep Germany out of countries colonies in Americas

  21. Britain is the Last Defense • Battle of Britain • August 1940 • What Does the US Do? • Interventionists • Committee to Defended by Aiding the Allies • Propaganda group • Sympathetic to air raids • Isolationists • America First Committee • Destroyers for Bases

  22. Pit Stop • Vichy Government • Blitzkrieg • Sudetenland • China incident • Interventionists • Neutrality Act 1939

  23. Taking Our Head Out of the Sand…

  24. PSD

  25. American Ostriches • President Roosevelt • Declares neutrality • Americans are rooting for democracies but don’t want to send troops • Neutrality Act of 1939 • Democracies could by weapons from US if they paid in cash • They ship their own stuff • Avoided • Loans • War debts • Torpedoing of American ships • Results • China couldn’t get anything • Improved US economy and employment rate

  26. FDR > Washington • Franklin Roosevelt (D) • Experience would come in handy in dealing with this crisis • Newcomer would be bad for the country • Wendell Wilkie (R) • Condemned Roosevelt’s dictatorship • Condemned costly New Deal • Results • 449-82 • 27.3-22 million • Why? • Need experience • Don’t change horses in the middle of a stream

  27. We Start to Come Out of Our Shell… • Lend-Lease Act, 1941 • “An Act to Future Promote the Defense of the United States” • Instead of lending money that wouldn’t be repaid, lend ships that could be returned • Send ships, not sons • Critics • Isolationists • Blank check to Britain?

  28. Atlantic Charter • Hitler Assaults Russia • US • Roosevelt gives supplies to ________ • How? • Soviet winter stalls German advance

  29. Atlantic Charter • Atlantic Conference • Held outside Newfoundland • Roosevelt and Churchill • Atlantic Charter

  30. Hitler v. US • Lend-Lease Act • Hitler gives declaration to attack only in self-defense • Incidents happen • Congress revokes Neutrality Act of 1939, 1941

  31. Pit Stop • Atlantic Charter • Appeasement • Sudenteland • Blitzkrieg • Battle of Britain • Vichy France

  32. Pearl Harbor • Remember… • China Incident • Costly • Takes up Japanese resources • Japan is ____________________ • American Embargo, 1940 • ______________ • Either obey or attack oil-rich countries in Southeast Asia • Japan Seizes Indochina • Leaders of both nations look for ways to avoid war

  33. Pearl Harbor • Japanese Plan for Aggression • Japan’s Thoughts • According to ship movements, Roosevelt thinks that Philippines would be attacked first

  34. Pearl Harbor • December 7, 1941 • Radar operator was told to ignore blip on the screen • 180 Japanese planes attack the Pacific Fleet and an airfield • 2 hours long • 2,400 KIA; 1,200 WIA • 300 planes gone • 21 ships damaged • All 8 battleships sunk or immobilized • Not successful

  35. Pearl Habor • Congress declares war on Japan • 82-0 Senate • 388-1 House • December 11, 1941 • Germany and Italy declare war on US

  36. America Enters the War • Two Sides • Axis • Allied • How?

  37. Pearl Harbor Clip

  38. Unit 6 Quiz • Waving the bloody shirt • Reconstruction • Carpetbaggers • Scalawags • Sic SemperTyranus

  39. Shock of War • Allies Advantages • Allies Disadvantages

  40. Shock of War • National Unity • End of the New Deal • Wiped out by a conservative Congress in 1942 • Focus was shifted to war time production • Atlantic Charter

  41. What to Do About Japanese? • 127,000 Japanese living on West Coast • Shown as subhuman in propaganda • Executive Order 9066

  42. What to do about Japanese? • Process • Wooden barracks covered in tar paper • Rooms • Cots • Blankets • Light bulb

  43. What about the Japanese? • Korematsu v. United States • Supreme Court Decision • Prologue

  44. Pit Stop • Neutrality Acts, 1939 • Lend Lease Act • Atlantic Charter • Fourteen Points • Fred Korematsu

  45. Back to Germany… • Genocide • Eliminating of a race/ethnic group • Mein Krampf • Nuremberg Laws, 1935 • Stripped Jews of citizenship • Had to wear Star of David

  46. Where Do They Go? • 1933-1937 • 130,000 Jews leave Germany and Austria • No other countries want to take them in • Anti-Semitism • Take jobs • Evian Conference • Only Dominican Republic eased their laws

  47. Summer Olympics, 1938 • Kristallnacht

  48. Genocide Begins • When Germany invades Poland • Einsatzgruppen • Wannsee Conference

  49. Death Camps • Process • Rounded up and crammed into trains • Told they were being temporarily relocated • Once there • Orchestra music to relieve fears • Put into line • Separated by who can/cannot work • Those who can’t get sent to gas chambers • Bodies are used for resources • If you’re left • Hard labor • One set of clothing • No bathrooms • Little food • Auschwitz • 1,500,000 dead • Medical experimentations

  50. What About the Ostriches? • America took in the most Jewish immigrants in the 1930s • Little interest in helping them • Didn’t know what was going on • International Rescue Committee, 1933 • Eleanor Roosevelt • Saved 200,000 Jewish people • Anti-Semitism • War Refugee Board

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