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Virtual Simulations for Soldiers: Concepts and Applications

Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap Human and Systems Integration Workshop. Virtual Simulations for Soldiers: Concepts and Applications. Dr. François Bernier Defence Scientist Defence R&D Canada September 21-22, 2010 Château Cartier Gatineau, Que. OUTLINE.

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Virtual Simulations for Soldiers: Concepts and Applications

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  1. Soldier Systems Technology RoadmapHuman and Systems Integration Workshop Virtual Simulations for Soldiers: Concepts and Applications Dr. François Bernier Defence Scientist Defence R&D Canada September 21-22, 2010 Château Cartier Gatineau, Que.

  2. OUTLINE • Virtual simulation and immersion • Laboratories in DRDC Valcartier • Stressful virtual environment • Medics and IBTS training • Conclusion

  3. (Immersive) Virtual Simulations • Definition: real people using simulated equipment in a (immersive) simulated world/virtual environment • The technological landscape is diversified CAVE Large screen Desktop Static HMD Mobile HMD (FITE)

  4. What does Immersive Mean ? Level 0: outside Level 1: inside Video Level 2: inside + perspective Level 3: inside + perspective + stereo

  5. Virtual Immersion Laboratory (VIL) Virtual Immersive Laboratory • Flexible multi-screen visualization infrastructure for exploitation and integration of virtual reality and simulation technologies; • Immersive, collaborative, interactive visualization approach in support of complexity-characterized applications; • Realistic environment for training and experimentation.

  6. Gaming and Emerging Technology Laboratory (GET) Virtual Immersive Laboratory • Exploration of video games and emerging technologies (D&S) • Gaming genres & mechanics; • Visualization & interaction techniques; • Software development tools; • Emerging display & interaction technologies.

  7. Stressful Virtual Environment (SVE) • SVEs are required in many applications • Stress management training is one example •  Reduce negative reactions to stress •  Improve operational effectiveness •  Potentially protect against psychological injuries • Stress coping techniques must be practiced  SVE Coping Strategies Stressors Physiological Arousal Virtual Environment Biofeedback Electrocardiogram Electrodermal activity

  8. How to Create a SVE (1/2) ? • Use stressors found in theatre Combat-related stressors experienced in Afghanistan (CF) *Raw data from CF Land Personnel Concept and Policies Office

  9. How to Create a SVE (2/2) ? Tangible Intangible

  10. Approach 1: Graphic Quality Unreal Tournament 2004 Unreal Tournament 3 (2007) Arma 2 (2009) Virtual Battlespace 2 (2007) Far Cry 2 (2009)

  11. Approach 2: Immersion and VG • What level of immersion is sufficient? • Does the type of video game matter? • We exposed 56 soldiers to various virtual environments(2 video games x 3 immersive technologies) Immersion & Price 22” 3D LCD 73” 3D TV CAVE • Result: All virtual environments are “equally” stressful

  12. Approach 3: Suffering Avatar • Could we elicit stress with a virtual character of a known person (avatar) experiencing pain ? • 42 civilians has been exposed (in a 6-side CAVE-Like system) to familiar and unfamiliar avatars 6-side CAVE-Like (UQO) • Suffering Yes • Known  Not yet

  13. Training: Medic in a Combat Context • An immersive virtual simulation (CAVE) could provide a realistic operational context for combat medic training

  14. Training: IBTS • Benefits of immersion for training IBTS(in support of a Applied Military Science Project - Kingston) • Detachment level training : 1 CAVE + 4 Desktops • Mission: IED identification & vehicle checkpoint

  15. Training: IBTS • Fully immersive simulator tends to achieve training objectives slightly better than the desktop immersive simulator • Minor technological deficiencies identified • Integration of cognitive, physical and affective aspects(e.g.: crouching when shot) • Familiarization faster than with desktop • Less a game than a real training environment • Tiring but motivating • Able to cause information overload

  16. Conclusion • Summary • Immersive virtual environments can provide a realistic, interactive and engaging synthetic battlefield to the soldier • There is not universal/common technology for all applications • We now better understand how to create SVE • Challenges • Lack of integration with the current CF training environment • Many benefits of immersive virtual environments remain to be identified • The cost is still an issue

  17. Questions? Dr. François Bernier – Defence Scientist Defence R&D Canada - Valcartier (418) 844-4000 (4346) Francois.bernier@drdc-rddc.gc.ca

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