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Consultative Workshop

Consultative Workshop Using the Mother Tongue as Bridge Language of Instruction in Southeast Asian Countries: Policy, Strategies and Advocay. SEAMEO Secretariat in Cooperation with the World Bank 19—21 February 2008. Bangkok.

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Consultative Workshop

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  1. Consultative Workshop Using the Mother Tongue as Bridge Language of Instruction in Southeast Asian Countries: Policy, Strategies and Advocay SEAMEO Secretariat in Cooperation with the World Bank 19—21 February 2008 Bangkok

  2. LANGUAGE POLICY IN INDONESIAN EDUCATION:Regional and Local Languages as Oral Languages of Instruction Maryanto Pusat Bahasa (National Center for Indonesian Languages) Ministry of National Education Republic of Indonesia

  3. The Goal of the Paper: To describe that an issue about the use of regional and local languages has been around in Indonesian education for over one century and that the policy has changed To argue that regional and local languages well-serve their functions as oral languages of wider communication so that provisions should be made for teachers in early education

  4. MOTHERTONGUE Local Language Local Language Local Language Local Language Local Language Home Language L1 ? INDONESIANCHILDREN ? L2 Official Language National Language Bahasa Indonesia (BI)

  5. Bahasa Indonesia (BI) Official Language National Language L1 Indonesian Children Note: In 1997 (before Reform): only 289 papers In 1999 (after Reform): 1,687 papers Home Language Broadcasting Media Printed Media Influx of Information in BI

  6. About 700 Minority Lang. Indonesian Lang. Studies Local and Regional Languages Over 1,000 Minority Lang. Bilingual Education Indonesian Children Bilingual Children Lang. Contact L1 L1 At Schools BI

  7. Bilingual Education in Indonesia Education Law No. 20/2003 (1) Indonesian as the state language becomes language of instruction in national education. (2) Local and regional languages can be used as languages of instruction in the early stage of education as far as they are needed to transmit certain knowledge and/or skills.

  8. Secondary In the Past: (Since 1849) Secondary Policy Changes in Education Malay Local and Regional Languages BI Primary Secondary At the Present (After 1945)

  9. (2) Local and regional languages can be used … as far as they are needed … Their use is inevitable! Instructional materials and reading materials are developed in the standard BI (children’s L2)

  10. The use of the BI (written and oral forms) • Hitunglah! • 1 + 1 = … (Berapakah satu ditambah satu?) • 1 + 2 = … (Berapakah satu ditambah dua?) • 1 + 3 = … (Berapakah satu ditambah tiga?) The use of the local language Etungna! Siji tambah siji ana pira? Siji tambah loro ana pira? Siji tambah telu ana pira?

  11. THE INEVITABILITY OF THE USAGE OF BOTH BI AND LOCAL LANGUAGES AS CLASSROOM INSTRUCTION • Teachers do speak both in BI and children’s home language. • Teaching and learning activities are carried out • with both the standard BI and the home language. • Reading and writing taks are done mainly in the standar BI

  12. Implications and Suggestions • In terms of language behaviour, now Indonesian children can be seen as being bilingual. • Bilingual education is the school system in which Indonesia children with little commands in BI are taught in their regional or local language. • The success in using a regional, local or home language as the language of classroom instruction is depending mainly on the school teachers’ commands in that language. • The provision of better quality schooling for Indonesian children should be made by requiring the teachers to have better commands in children’s language (regional, local or home language), particularly in oral forms.

  13. THANK YOU Terima kasih Teurimong geunaseh (Aceh) Mauliate (Batak Toba) Bujur (Batak Karo) Dangke (Ambon) Matur suksema (Bali) Matur nuwun (Jawa) Matur tampiasih (Nusa Tanggara B) Tarimo kasiah (Minang) Terima kasi (Makassar) Terima kasih (Kalimatan)

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