Wrap-up

1. Wrap-up • There are lots of interesting questions and material to cover in one workshop • Among original EE-REG ideas: neither East Asia NOR Europe has it right => the question is what types of regional governance are appropriate under what circumstances • This also legitimizes why we have this workshop and there would for sure be next stages

2. Synthesis of the matrix Framing Similarities • There are both region-wide entities and processes of sub-regionalization (E, EA) • Domestic decision making process and conflict of interests have impact on framing the region (E, EA) • Important role of international organizations (E, EA) • Nature of framing empowers some actors/issues and excludes others (E, EA) • e.g. surface water frame can exclude groundwater dynamics/interest groups, rural frame can exclude urban stakeholders, etc. Differences • Legal frame and regional legacy of EU (E) • Region-framing in functional terms in East Asia, e.g. Monsoon Asia, vs. territorial framing in Europe, • e.g. transboundary spaces for sustainable development

3. Crafting Similarities • Seeming movement towards open-ended, informal, non-institutionalized, and program/project-based cooperation, but from diametrically opposed starting points (dense and formal governance in Europe, rare and informal governance in East Asia) {both similarity and difference} Differences • Institutionalization of regional governance and structure (E) • Geopolitical tension/conflict/competition represents major hurdle to transboundary cooperation (EA) • Where geopolitical tensions are high, environmental issues can become secondary and/or instrumentalized for other ends (EA, Black Sea) Reverberating beyond Similarities • Regions not as fixed and independent entities but embedded in global structures, both environmental and broader (EA, E) • Active diffusion of norms and practices is strong, especially EU (E) • Inter-regional exchange: from emulation to learning? (W) Differences • Policy is spread through formal accession and explicit neighborhood policies (E)

4. Next steps Concrete outputs • Reporting to the funders • Upload our recordings, our presentation materials (for the internal part in the beginning) • Proceedings • Background papers (~2500 words) by February 20 • Tokyo Earth System Governance Conference (Tokyo, January 28-31) • Discussions with Elgar, Springer, Ashgate • ISA Conference (April 2-6) • We will send evaluation form to get feedback on EE-REG(this would also help prepare possible EE-REG 2) Potential book project (our preference) or a special issue • Your particular part in our matrix • Please let us know if you are interested by February 5 • Maybe another workshop for the book group (related with the next step) Potential research collaboration • Possible project proposal(s) • Joint panels, sessions at conventions or symposia • Sharing information about EE-REG and information on future conference and relevant events

5. Special thanks to, • Our funders (3) • Swiss National Science Foundation • RIHN • Global Environmental Change-Japan/Asia Platform • Thank you to the poster presenters (Zhong, Linas, Junko) • Thank you to Kiriko, Tomomi, Shiori, Chikako • Taniguchi Sensei, Bernard Sensei, Yasunari Sensei • Yonemoto Project • EVERYONE!