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Ancient Greece 2000 B.C.E. – 133 B.C.E.

Ancient Greece 2000 B.C.E. – 133 B.C.E. Despite their cultural ties, the Greek city-states were often in conflict with one another. The threat of the powerful Persian empire united the Greek city-states. The Persian Wars: Overview.

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Ancient Greece 2000 B.C.E. – 133 B.C.E.

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  1. Ancient Greece2000 B.C.E. – 133 B.C.E.

  2. Despite their cultural ties, the Greek city-states were often in conflict with one another. The threat of the powerful Persian empire united the Greek city-states. The Persian Wars: Overview

  3. United, the city-states defeated the Persians and ended the threat of Persian invasions. Persian prisoners The Persian Wars: Overview

  4. The First Persian War 546 B.C • Cause • Persian Empire conquers Greek colonies in Ionia • Response • Ionians refuse to pay tribute and begin to rebel • Secretly the Athenians send weapons & a ship to aide the rebellion

  5. The First Persian War 546 B.C • Result: • Darius I of Persia crushes rebellion • leaves Athens alone but… Greek vs. Persian

  6. The Second Persian War 490 BC • Cause • Revenge for Athenian interference • “Master, Remember the Athenians” every day a servant said that to King Darius!

  7. The Second Persian War 490 BC • Results • Battle of Marathon • Outnumbered Greeks defeat Persians • 6,400 Persians die! • Pheidippides carries message of victory home to Athens 26 miles • The distance of the marathon. “Rejoice, we conquer.” Then he died.

  8. The Second Persian War 490 BC • Results • build fleet of faster ships to prepare for another attack • Athens asks other city-states to form an alliance (1st ever in Greek history)

  9. Third Persian War 480 B.C. • Cause • Persians want revenge • Come after Athens by land and by sea Major Battles • Battle of Thermopylae Led by Spartan King Leonidas 6,000 Spartans vs. 200,000 Persians Athens is burned

  10. Third Persian War 480 B.C. Major Battles • Strait of Salamis: Naval Battle Persian fleet sunk -Forced to retreat! • Battle of Plataea a year later final Persia forces defeated Battle of Salamis

  11. Third Persian War: The Outcome! • Results • Athens increases its status among the city-states. • Athens wants a permanent alliance with the city-states but with them at the head. • Sparta is upset!

  12. The Delian League Formed • Alliance headed by Pericles of Athens • To defend further Persian invasion • Collected dues from members • Problems • Forced members to remain • Used $ to rebuild Athens • Promoted democracies only Sparta jealous!

  13. The Impact of the Persian Wars • Athens emerged as the most powerful city-state. • Athens organized the Delian League, an alliance with 150 Greek city-states and colonies in the Aegean region. • Athens used the Delian League to create an Athenian empire. • With Pericles as its leader, Athens enters into its Golden Age! But who was paying bill? • Sparta will eventually form an opposing alliance with the neutral city-states

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